Photo of the working day of a medical assistant laboratory assistant. What is a working day photograph: example of filling

To accurately determine the points of a job description, analyze workload, as well as the work efficiency of any employee, a photograph of a working day can be used. You will find an example of filling it out below in this article.

It is known that all labor resources must work with maximum efficiency. Each of its mechanisms must work like a clock. And if ordinary line personnel need to comply with established time standards, then how to monitor the work of the engineering and technical level?

A way to track an employee's workload

This problem can be solved using

This tool will allow you to understand whether the worker has free time, or whether he is completely devoted to the work process. But even if he does not have a minute of rest, using the example below of filling out a photograph of a working day, you can easily determine what his efficiency is.

How to draw it up and who should do it?

You can either use your own standardizers, which are available at all large enterprises, or use the services of private companies for normalization and standardization. However, it is always cheaper to do any work on your own, especially since it is not difficult to understand this issue using the example of filling out a photograph of a working day given below.

For those who want to standardize an accountant, engineer or any other employee, you should familiarize yourself with the job description, work schedule, and main areas of work before taking the photograph.

This must be done so that the person being examined cannot mislead the standardizer. After all, there is simply no point in measurements in which a worker deliberately slows down or stops the work process.

When compiling, you can focus on approved national standards

Before using the example of filling out a photograph of a working day given below, it is worth getting acquainted with the developed and approved standards for performing certain works. Although today there are some norms that have been in force since the times of the Soviet Union. Of course, you don’t need to focus on the total time, but the sequence of actions, the composition of the work and the use of auxiliary materials will be very useful when forming new measurements.

Let's look at a specific example of filling out a photograph of a working day:

To clearly plan the required number of staff, including determining the labor productivity of certain employees, a photograph of work time is used, which is drawn up in a document of the same name.

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This allows the management team of the enterprise to make the right decisions in the process of forming staff, job descriptions, and drawing up a work plan.

Let's take a closer look at the question of what this is a photograph of working hours.

Concept and essence

The definition of photography of a worker's working time is a form of observation during which the required time to perform a specific type of work is measured.

Based on the measurement results, a clear picture of what exactly the employee did at his workplace and how much working time was spent on it is determined.

The photography map is not only used in production facilities, but also helps to obtain an assessment of the performance of intellectual resources.

In addition, a photo card is one of the ways to significantly reduce costs and allows you to:

• create and analyze the required working time budget for each employee separately;
• form the actual balance of the working day by grouping time spent into different categories;
• clearly define the structure of working hours;
• detect in a timely manner the reasons for loss of working time and failure to fulfill the work plan;
• perform a comparative analysis of the work of employees who perform similar tasks and determine a way to increase the efficiency of their work;
• assess the conditions of the workplace and its impact on the implementation of assigned tasks;
• conduct an analysis of working hours among production leaders.

Differences from timing

Timing allows for analysis lasting up to 1 week or month, with the period determined by the employee himself.

As for working day photography, this procedure is a more formal event. The initiator can only be the company's management.

When taking photographs of a working day, all information received is recorded in a document of the established form and is clearly regulated by the relevant documents, confirmed by the signatures of the management team.

During the timekeeping process, the employee independently decides how it should be conducted and where to record the necessary information for analysis.

Purposes of use

This method pursues certain goals, the main ones of which are considered to be:

• detection of lost time throughout the working day;
• identifying problems related to time loss and creating a number of activities aimed at increasing work efficiency;
• development of time standards for the entire work process;
• adopt experience in labor organization from more successful companies and conduct training for their employees to improve work efficiency.

Who needs this information?

First of all, a photograph of the working day is necessary:

• managers and owners of companies to understand the workload of their staff and the effectiveness of their work;
• HR managers, HR department to create job descriptions, form the necessary staff, carry out research work;
• directly to the employees themselves who are interested in the effectiveness of performing their job duties.

Kinds

There are several types of workday photography, namely:

• individual;
• group (mass);
• brigade.

Let's look at each type in more detail.

Individual

This type of certification is carried out directly for one employee in order to determine his effectiveness in using the labor process.

The commission observes the employee throughout the working day and enters the relevant information into the observation sheet.

Group (mass)

This type of workday photography is performed with the aim of simultaneously observing a certain group of employees.

The observation procedure itself is completely identical to the creation of an individual employee card. Based on the results of the analysis, you can get a picture of the efficiency of labor costs of each employee in the unit separately.

In the event that a photograph is necessary for a group of people consisting of more than 3 employees, the analysis is carried out using instant observations with mandatory recording of the condition of employees and equipment after a certain period of time.

The key features of employee group photography are:

• the observer selects certain types of costs in advance, since he is not able to record the working day continuously for each workplace;
• the time allotted for observation is divided into intervals, the accuracy of which directly depends on the volume of these intervals;
• When entering costs into an observation sheet, they are reduced into an easy-to-remember form (in the form of numbers or letters).

Brigade

The team calculation of working time photography is completely identical for the group variety and is no different.

How is working time photography carried out?

Before starting the workplace certification, the commission prepares observation sheets, after which:

• Measures the required time to complete a certain job (this time also takes into account the period spent on the way to the service equipment).
• After the day is completed and notes have been made, the workplace is assessed.
• Based on the assessment results, measures are taken to improve the efficiency of working hours.

Who conducts it?

Let's take a closer look at the question of who does the certification and how.

A working day photograph has the right to be taken by an attestation commission, which may include:

• engineers;
• HR managers;
• HR department employees;
• Chief Engineer;
• accounting staff;
• occupational safety specialists.

If a working day photograph is taken for an office employee, the certification commission can be formed of one person - a personnel manager.

The principle of operation of any commission is completely the same.

General rules and principles

If the enterprise has several workplaces, the maintenance of which is directly related to the same equipment, the certification commission has every right to create only one card in a selective version.

For example, Ivanov and Sidorov work as mechanics in different shops, but they perform identical work. Thus, the commission has the right to observe Ivanov before lunch, and after the break, to observe Sidorov, and thus form one photograph of the working day for both of them.

To form a more accurate photograph, it is necessary to certify the workplace several times, after which the average indicators are entered into the card form.

It is necessary to understand that payments regarding compensation to an employee due to harmful working conditions depend on this.

Stages and methodology

The procedure for creating a map consists of the following steps:

• preparatory;
• observation;
• processing of results.

Preparation stage

The preparation process consists of familiarizing yourself with the technical process, the workplace, and preparing observation sheets in which the main parameters will be entered to determine the assessment analysis.

Observation phase

At this stage, the duration of all work performed is directly measured, taking into account breaks.

In parallel with this, data on the time and work on which it was spent is entered into the observation sheet tables. These actions are repeated throughout the working day.

Processing the results

The order of processing the results is as follows:

• The total amount of time worked that was spent on production is calculated. In parallel, the time spent on certain tasks, including breaks between them, is calculated separately.
• The study results are being assessed. During the processing, it is necessary to determine the time the employee spent in hazardous working conditions, taking into account the average indicator on this issue.
• The employee’s compliance with the tasks assigned in the technical process is determined, and the time spent on performing any specific operation in which harmful working conditions operate is noted.

How to apply?

For all employees in any field there is a certain type of card form. They indicate the name of the enterprise and its structural unit.

After this, the map indicates:

• once again the name of the enterprise;
• employee's initials;
• level of education and profession;
• position held by the employee;
• the name of the work performed, each separately.

After this, a brief description of the work performed by the employee is formed.

As for the tabular part of the document, it indicates information for each stage of work with its obligatory name and the corresponding code (if any).

The following columns in the document are required to indicate the start and completion dates of the certification, including the total time it took place.

The “Note” column indicates various additional information that was obtained during the certification process.

Below the table, a summary of the photograph of working hours is formed, where it is necessary to indicate:

• preparatory and final time;
• time spent on servicing working hours;
• time spent on promptly solving assigned tasks;
• break time between work.

After entering the information, the document is submitted for signature to the head of the structural unit where the observation was carried out, and then signed by higher management.

It is imperative to indicate their position.

Photo map (sample)

The document form can be downloaded here:

Observation sheet

The observation sheet for forming a photograph of working time has the following form:

Example

Results and their interpretation

One of the reserves for increasing the efficiency of any organization is the more productive use of labor resources. In this case, a simple and effective tool for obtaining and analyzing objective data is a working day photograph (WPD).

Working day photo is a method that allows you to study the time allocation of a specific employee by observing, measuring and documenting each and every time spent on work activities during the work day.

Mastering the FRD method allows you to obtain unique results in the field of personnel management and its productivity, even in conditions of incomplete coverage of work performed in the company by standardization. The FDD process is aimed at determining the time spent on each operation, identifying and analyzing the reasons for non-fulfillment of tasks, and optimizing the work process as a whole.

A working day photograph provides answers to the following questions:

1. How much time does an employee spend on a certain type of work?

2. How long does it take different employees to complete the same type of work?

3. Is it possible to increase labor productivity and by what means?

4. Is it possible to omit (simplify) any of the business processes or delegate them to other departments?

5. How to establish labor productivity standards and identify the reasons for non-compliance with these standards?

Types of FRD

Depending on the number of observation objects and the target task, the following types of working day photography are used:

. individual— determine the time spent by individual performers, which allows you to study the work with the maximum degree of detail;

. group— monitor the activities of several employees interconnected by the work process, for further rational distribution of responsibilities between group members. The main purpose of group photography is to study the consistency of the work of group members, the degree of their workload, the organization of work, to identify the causes and duration of lost working time, and to investigate other issues that do not require precise time measurements;

. comprehensive— makes it possible to identify the relationship between individual production processes, study the production rhythm of work, determine the degree of rational use of equipment, and develop specific measures aimed at increasing labor efficiency. In this case, a group of observers studies the work of a team, workshop, department or enterprise as a whole, which makes it possible to cover the entire set of production processes or a significant part of them;

. self photography— the specialist independently measures the time of his activity.

Important detail: In order to obtain more objective and reliable data, comprehensive photographs of the working day are taken over several days (weeks, months).

PURPOSES OF USING THE FRD

A working day photo can be used for different purposes:

1. Determining the structure of working time, identifying the most costly operations and types of work.

2. Studying the experiences of the best employees. The working time budget of employees who demonstrate the best results can be used as a basis for setting goals, assessing employee performance, and finding optimal ways to organize work.

3. Setting standards. Analysis of data on several employees allows you to obtain initial information for developing labor standards. Moreover, the FRD method is used for several employees with different work efficiency in order to increase the validity of the standards.

4. Identification of reasons for non-compliance with standards. If standards already exist, but individual employees regularly do not comply with them, then using a photograph of the working day, you can identify the reasons for this situation.

5. Identification of lost working time. With the help of EDF, it is possible to determine at what stages of the work process losses of working time occur and what causes them: ineffective work organization, irrationally constructed technology or employee dishonesty.

6. Improving the labor organization process at the enterprise. FRD allows you to describe the business processes existing in a company and evaluate how optimal they are.

7. Assessing employee performance. Observing the work of an employee and assessing his time spent on various work operations is an opportunity to assess the level of his professionalism and motivation.

TECHNOLOGY OF CARRYING OUT FRD

The technology for taking photographs of a working day consists of several stages.

Stage 1. Preparation for taking photographs of the working day.

At the initial stage, the goals for taking photographs of the working day are established. Based on the goals set, the type and methodology for conducting EDF are determined.

If the main goal of the FRD is monitoring staff compliance with internal labor regulations, then a working day photograph can be taken simultaneously from a group of employees (grouping employees by structural unit or by type of work performed). Violations of labor discipline will be noticeable immediately.

If it's necessary identify lost working time, optimize the company's business processes, then a photograph of the working day must be taken individually for each employee, carefully recording the operations performed by him, interaction with other employees and structural divisions.

Also, at the first stage, it is necessary to decide whether to inform employees about the FRD or whether it is worth coming up with a suitable legend for introducing an observer.

IT IS IMPORTANT

The preparatory stage involves the preparation (instruction and training) of observers. The results obtained largely depend on preparation.

It will not be superfluous to agree on the FRD forms in advance in order to correctly reflect the necessary information in them. This is especially important if the study will be carried out simultaneously in several structural units by different observers.

Stage 2. Photographing the working day.

Photographing is carried out according to the current time. The measurement results are recorded in the observation sheet (Table 1-3). In columns 1 and 2, the observer records the start and end times of each new action (inaction). In column 4 he describes the actions, in column 5 he enters a list of equipment necessary to complete the work. Each record shows either what the employee did or what caused his inaction.

Each element of work or break must be documented separately. Particularly clear distinctions should be made between elements of workplace maintenance work, as well as breaks in work, taking into account their nature and reasons. In this case, columns 1, 2, 4, 5 of the observation sheet are filled in directly during the observation process, and columns 3, 6 - when processing the photographic results.

Photo of an economist's working day

This photograph was taken on 03/18/2016 using the method of direct measurements of time spent on the basis of the Manager’s Order No. 147 dated 03/09/2016 in order to study the expenditure of working time during the employee’s working day.

The results are presented in table. 1.

FULL NAME. employee: Petrova A.I.

Work experience in the specialty: 2 years.

The photograph of the working day was presented to: economist Petrova A.I.

__________/Petrova A.I./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

__________/Ryabchenko A.R./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

This photograph was taken on 03/17/2016 using the method of direct measurements of time spent on the basis of the Manager’s Order No. 147 dated 03/09/2016 in order to study the expenditure of working time during the employee’s working day.

The results are presented in table. 2.

FULL NAME. employee: Makarova S.V.

Employee position: accountant.

Work experience in the specialty: 13 years.

Division: Voronezh division of Kamelia-Invest LLC.

The photograph of the working day was reviewed by: accountant Makarova S.V.

__________/Makarova S.V./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

Responsible for taking photographs of the working day: HR manager Ryabchenko A.R.

__________/Ryabchenko A.R./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

Photo of purchasing manager's working hours

This photograph was taken on 03/19/2016 using the method of direct measurements of time spent on the basis of the Manager’s Order No. 147 of 03/09/2016 in order to study the expenditure of working time during the employee’s working day.

The results are presented in table. 3.

FULL NAME. employee: Sergeev P.I.

Employee position: purchasing manager.

Work experience in the specialty: 9 years.

Division: Voronezh division of Kamelia-Invest LLC.

The photograph of the working day was reviewed by: Purchasing Manager Sergeev P.I.

__________/Sergeev P.I./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

Responsible for taking photographs of the working day: HR manager Ryabchenko A.R.

__________/Ryabchenko A.R./

(signature)

"___" _____________ _____ G.

Stage 3. Processing of results.

The calculation of the duration of the elements (filling out column 3) is carried out when processing the results.

At this stage, column 6 is also filled out and each element is classified. For non-production personnel of the Kamelia-Invest company applied the following classification of working time costs:

OV - total working time (duration of work shift);

PZ - (preparation for completing a task, maintaining means of production in working condition during a shift);

OP - ;

OLN - ;

NTD - (lateness, unauthorized absences from the workplace, premature departure from work, etc.).

Based on the data obtained (Table 1-3), a balance of work activity is created. Table 4 shows economist's working time balance.

Column “Total duration, min.” table 4 is filled out based on the data in table. 1 as follows:

PV = 10 + 15 = 25 (min.);

OP = 45 + 60 + 70 + 40 + 30 + 75 + 65 + 35 = 420 (min);

OLN = 10 + 60 + 10 = 80 (min.);

NTD = 5 + 10 = 15 (min.).

Calculation of coefficient K1, which shows the share of the cost element in the total observation time:

K1(PZ) = 25 / 540 × 100% = 4.6%;

K1(OP) = 420 / 540 × 100% = 77.8%;

K1(OLN) = 80 / 540 × 100% = 14.8%;

K1(NTD) = 15 / 540 × 100% = 2.8%.

Let's consider accountant's working time balance(Table 5).

Filling out the column “Total duration, min.” based on the data in table. 2:

PV = 10 + 5 = 15 (min.);

OP = 15 + 20 + 105 + 80 + 75 + 15 + 15 + 45 + 50 + 25 = 445 (min);

OLN = 10 + 60 + 10 = 80 (min.).

There are no violations of labor discipline rules.

Calculation of coefficient K1, reflecting the share of the cost element in the total observation time:

K1(PZ) = 15 / 540 × 100% = 2.8%;

K1(OP) = 445 / 540 × 100% = 82.4%;

K1(OLN) = 80 / 540 × 100% = 14.8%.

Table 6 contains data on working time balance purchasing manager.

Column “Total duration, min.” table 6 is filled out based on the data in table. 3:

PV = 10 + 35 = 45 (min.);

OP = 5 + 15 + 150 + 50 + 30 + 80 + 45 + 15 + 15 = 405 (min);

OLN = 10 + 60 + 10 + 10 = 90 (min.).

There are no violations of labor discipline rules.

Calculation of coefficient K1:

K1(PZ) = 45 / 540 × 100% = 8.3%;

K1(OP) = 405 / 540 × 100% = 75%;

K1(OLN) = 90 / 540 × 100% = 16.7%.

Stage 4. Analysis of results and development of solutions (recommendations).

Based on the data obtained as a result of the FRD, conclusions are drawn and recommendations are developed to eliminate the identified deficiencies.

In our case, the analysis of photographs of the working day of an economist, accountant and manager of the Voronezh division of Kamelia-Invest LLC showed enough high level of compliance with labor discipline, since there are either no violations or the NTD has a low value (2.8% of the economist’s total observation time).

Before starting observation, you need to decide what exactly is considered a violation of labor discipline. After all, so-called smoking breaks, tea drinking during working hours, conversations with colleagues on unrelated topics and other time sinks are often simply necessary to maintain a normal environment in the team from a moral point of view.

Important detail: In order to avoid misunderstandings on this matter, it is recommended that the internal labor regulations be set out in writing and agreed upon with the staff and the trade union organization. When hiring new employees, it is necessary to familiarize them with these rules.

During the FRD, it was revealed that the purchasing manager spends about 30 minutes. every day to compile a report on the work done during the day. The management of the Kamelia-Invest company considered that this was a significant investment of time and decided simplify internal reporting forms both purchasing managers and other employees.

NOTE

Reporting forms, their content and frequency should be reviewed periodically in any case, since in today’s rapidly changing business environment any information quickly loses its relevance.

Based on the results of the FRD, it was decided to include in the staffing table of the Voronezh division of Kamelia-Invest LLC the rate of a computer typing operator to delegate the following functions to him: photocopying and scanning documents, sending and receiving email, archiving documents, drawing up simple reports and text documents . It allowed relieve qualified personnel(accountants, economists and managers).

In any case, it is easier to find a person who has the skills to communicate with a computer and other office equipment than a competent economist, responsible accountant and experienced manager. And from the point of view of remuneration, this option is the most optimal.

The efficiency of any department largely depends on its availability of modern high-speed equipment (high-speed computers capable of working with large amounts of data) and communications. Perhaps, based on the results of the FRD, in some cases the purchase of such equipment will be justified, because The efficiency of the company depends on the efficiency and reliability of the data received.

FRD also makes it possible to consider the use of the same equipment (scanning devices, large-format printing devices, color printers) by several employees/departments without compromising the effectiveness of their work. Such equipment is used, as a rule, sporadically, to perform one-time tasks.

The results of the EDF can be used to decide on promotions, certification, awards, etc.

FOR YOUR INFORMATION

A photograph of a working day can be carried out by the company itself (a more economical option) or entrusted to a company specializing in this (the research result will be more reliable).

The personnel, organizational system, work methods, and management style of the company are quite easily influenced by the enterprise, manageable and at the same time have a significant impact on the overall performance indicator. That is why great attention should be paid to increasing labor efficiency, and FDD in this matter is one of the most convenient and rational methods for studying costs and losses of working time.

For the purpose of planning the number of staff positions, as well as studying the degree of employment and labor productivity of certain employees, a photograph of the staff’s working hours is used with the execution of a document of the same name. It allows the company's management to make the right decision when forming the company's staff, job descriptions, establishing standards and plans.

– this is the continuous observation of the work of employees by the responsible official, recording the exact time of each process.

The main goal of this method is to increase the productivity of personnel and identify existing reserves when using these resources in the company, as well as to reduce costs both per unit of product and for the enterprise as a whole.

The tasks of photography include calculating the total amount of time spent by all workers, the amount of products produced in a specific period of time, taking into account possible losses, rational construction of the work process, as well as identifying sources for increasing labor productivity.

By studying the data received, economists and managers develop standards and draw up company plans and budgets, as well as adjust it. Photography can also be carried out after the introduction of new automated equipment, which will result in the release of workers.

Basically, the responsibility for studying working hours rests with specialists from the personnel department or the economic department. Photography can be carried out both of the entire work process and of a specific stage, team or specific specialist.

At the preparatory stage, before the study, the goals of this event are determined, current standards and job responsibilities are studied, and candidates whose activities in the organization will be surveyed are considered. To obtain high results, it is more advisable to choose professional workers with significant work experience or better labor productivity for observation.

In some cases, self-photography is allowed, in which the employee independently records in the report the corresponding time and duration of his work. This will allow the employee to independently identify wastage at work and increase the efficiency of work without the involvement of outside observers.

During the observation process, a report is compiled called a workday photo map. There is no standardized form for it. The completed form must contain certain details. As a rule, companies develop a form, which, if necessary, is filled out by the responsible person.

Then an analysis of the received information is carried out, based on the results of which deviations are identified, and further decisions are made.

Photo of a working day, example of filling

Full name and full name are recorded on the work time photo card. the selected employee, profession by education, position held and the name of the work performed.

Then you need to briefly describe the work the person does.

In the tabular part of the document, information is filled in for each stage of the work process, indicating the name and code (if a coding system is used). The following columns indicate the beginning and end of each stage, as well as the duration. The “Note” column can reflect the quantity of products produced and other explanatory information.

Below the table is a summary of the photograph of the work, in which you need to calculate and write down separately:

• Preparatory and final time.
• Workplace maintenance time.
• Operational time.
• Time for breaks.

The document is signed by the head of the structural unit in which the observation took place, as well as by the responsible official who carried out it. At the same time, their positions are indicated and their full names are deciphered.