Presentation "Portrait" N.V.

Slide 12

Part II

“Can you draw a portrait so that I look completely alive?”

Slide 13

“...a terrible moneylender came to him. You are an artist? Draw a portrait of me. I may die soon, I have no children; but I don’t want to die at all, I want to live...”

Think about whether the story “PORTRAIT” can be called fantastic? How are fantasy and reality connected in Gogol’s romantic story?

Slide 14

1. Which of the heroes, in your opinion, becomes the spokesman for N.V.’s views? Gogol on art?
2. How does a romantic writer resolve the question of the purpose of art?

Slide 15

extracurricular reading

• Oscar Wilde "The Picture of Dorian Gray"

Slide 16

Slide 17

Oscar Wilde (real name Oscar Fingal O Flaherty Wills) poet, prose writer, playwright (1854 - 1900).

Slide 18

Philosophical novel “The Picture of Dorian Gray”

The story of the moral fall of the aristocrat Dorian Gray. The “esthete” and clever man who despises morality becomes Dorian’s spiritual teacher.

Under his influence, the young man turns into a completely immoral person. Having proclaimed pleasure as the meaning of life, the hero of the novel loses his ideas about good and evil.

Slide 19

Slide 20

Dorian Gray has a double - this is his own portrait, which has fantastic properties, once painted by his friend the artist Hallward.

Class: 8

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Lesson objectives:

• show what role N.V. Gogol assigned to art in the life of society - the writer’s contribution to the debate about the purpose of art;
• find out what the ideological and compositional role of the second part of the story “Portrait” is and how the author solves the problem of true art.

Lesson objectives:

• Educational: improving the skills of interpreting a literary work and analyzing artistic details, speaking and writing skills; disclosure of the social, moral, aesthetic meaning of the story.
• Developmental: development of cognitive interests and literary and creative abilities, imaginative thinking and a “sense of intelligence”.
• Educational: education through the means of fiction of a spiritual and moral personality capable of acting in the modern world according to the laws of goodness, conscience and honor.

Lesson type: combined.

Equipment: portrait of N.V. Gogol, projector, Presentation 1 , Presentation 2 (Testing based on N.V. Gogol’s story “Portrait”)

He who has talent within himself
must be the purest of all...

N.V.Gogol

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Teacher's opening speech (Slide No. 3)

– As you know, Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol saw his writing duty in serving great art, in an effort to show the truth of life. He wanted the reader to be able to “comprehend the high mystery of creation” through his work. The fact that Gogol was concerned about issues of creativity and the place of the artist in society is evidenced by the fact that it was in 1835 that Gogol collected articles on art (“Painting, sculpture and music”, “A few words about Pushkin”, “On the architecture of the present time” ), lectures and articles on history and reflections on historical figures and published them along with the story “Portrait”.
(Message of the purpose of the lesson) Today in the lesson we continue the conversation about the problem of true art in Gogol’s story “Portrait”, trying to simultaneously clarify the ideological and compositional role of the second part of the work.

II. Working with an epigraph (Slide No. 4)

– How do you understand the words of N.V. Gogol?
– What, judging by the author’s statement, should a real artist be?

III. Critic's assessment of the story

Teacher. Thus, critic V.G. Belinsky, assessing the talent of the great prose writer, said: “Gogol is a poet, a poet of real life.” And this was most valued in Russian literature. After the release of the story “Portrait,” Gogol hopes for understanding
readers and critics, but what was the writer’s disappointment when V. G. Belinsky disapproved of the story: (Slide No. 5)“The portrait is an unsuccessful attempt by Mr.
Gogol in a fantastic way. Here his talent declines, but even in his decline he remains a talent. The first part of this story is impossible to read without fascination; in fact, there is something terrible, fatal, fantastic in this mysterious portrait, there is some kind of invincible charm that makes you forcibly look at it, although it is scary for you. Add to this many fantastic paintings and essays in the taste of Mr. Gogol; remember the quarterly overseer talking about painting; then this mother, who brought her daughter to Chertkov to have her portrait taken, and who scolds balls and admires nature - and you will not deny the dignity of this story. But the second part of it is absolutely worthless; Mr. Gogol is not visible in it. This is an obvious addition in which it was not the mind that worked, and the imagination did not take any part.”

– What meaning does the critic give to the word “attachment” in this context?

IV. Message from a trained student about Gogol’s stay in Italy and the further fate of the story “Portrait” (Slide No. 6)

Student. Having left Russia after the scandal associated with the premiere of “The Inspector General,” Gogol finds refuge in Italy. He lives in Rome. But nothing pleases the writer’s heart: neither warm weather, nor a comfortable life, nor local beauty... Gogol thinks about Russia. Here, in Rome, he meets artists, in particular, the artist Ivanov, who is working on the painting “The Appearance of Christ to the People.”
Gogol sees how selflessly the artist works, making many sketches from life, endlessly changing the poses of the characters in his painting, and the color that illuminates them and nature. He is haunted by the criticism of V. G. Belinsky. And he decides to remake the story “Portrait”.
By 1841 this work was completed. Significant changes have appeared: the surname of the main character has changed (previously it was Chertkov, which emphasized his connection with evil spirits; Gogol excluded certain mystical scenes, quite realistic characters appeared: Nikita, a professor, the owner of the house, a policeman, ladies-customers. In the first edition, the appearance the moneylender at the end of the story disappeared from the canvas, and in the second edition the portrait disappears, which went around the world to sow misfortune.

V. Reading by the teacher of paragraph 1 of the 2nd part of the story up to the words “The Long Hall...”

VII. Working with text (Slide No. 7)

– Why does Gogol compare auction with a funeral procession? (There is a hyperlink – a dictionary entry about the word “auction”)

VIII. A student (individual study) talks about the etymological relationship of two words: “art” and “temptation” (Slide No. 8)

Art akin to the words “tempt”, “temptation”. “Test” (old school) meant “to put to the test.” A “sophisticated person” is one who is highly experienced and has experienced a lot.

– Who do you think plays the role of “tempter” in the story and why?

IX. Work with the text continues

– Why are moneylenders necessary for the “sediment of humanity” that settled in Kolomna, and why is their main property moneylender turns out to be insensibility? (Slide No. 9)(There is a hyperlink – a dictionary entry about the word “auction”)
– What details in the description of the moneylender’s appearance alarm the reader? (Slide No. 10)

“He wore a wide Asian outfit; his dark complexion indicated his southern origin, but exactly what nation he was... no one could say about that.»
“..Looks, looks through human eyes!,
"..swarthy, skinny, a hot face and some incomprehensibly its terrible color big, extraordinary fire of the eye, overhanging thick eyebrows distinguished him from... the inhabitants of the capital"
".. Something demonic in the eyes..»
– What artistic detail is repeated in the description of appearance? (“Extraordinary fire eyes”, “demonic in the eyes” - these are the eyes of Satan, evil spirits, the bearer of EVIL)

– Why do people always turn to a moneylender for money? (Slide No. 11)
“This moneylender differed from other moneylenders in that he could provide anyone with any amount of money, from a poor old woman to a wasteful court nobleman.” “He gave money willingly...”
– Why did the moneylender willingly give money to both the rich and the poor? (For profit)
– What is personified by the moneylender himself and his portrait in the story ? (Slide No. 12)
– What changes occur in people who associate themselves with a moneylender?

X. Message from microgroups (homework on the topic “What temptations and tests did each of the artists go through when choosing their path to true art?”) (Slide No. 13)

• Artist Andrey Petrovich Chartkov (group 1) (Quotes to help those answering – hyperlink: slide number 19)

“..Too much has already been attributed to previous artists,” and “a genius creates boldly and quickly.” “He had already begun to tire of the same portraits and faces...”
“...his brush grew cold and dull, and he... was enclosed in monotonous, definite, long-worn forms...”
“He was overcome by terrible envy, envy to the point of rage... Having bought the painting,... he tore it up,... trampled it with his feet, accompanied by laughter of pleasure.”

• Comrade Chertkova (2nd group) (Quotes to help those answering – hyperlink: slide number 20)

From “an early age he carried within himself a passion for art, with the fiery soul of a worker, he plunged into it with all his soul, broke away from friends, from relatives, from sweet habits...”, “..like a hermit, he plunged into work,” “.. left only the divine Raphael as his teacher.”
“Pure, immaculate, beautiful as a bride stood before him the artist’s work. Modestly, divinely, innocently and simply, like a genius, it rose above everyone... One could see how the artist first contained everything extracted from the outside world into his soul and from there, from the spiritual spring, directed it with one consonant, solemn song..."

• The artist who painted the portrait of a moneylender (group 3) (Quotes to help those answering – hyperlink: slide number 21)

“With the blessing of the abbot, he retired to the desert... There for a long time, for several years, he exhausted his body, strengthening it at the same time with the life-giving power of prayer.”
“The holy higher power guided your brush and the blessing of heaven rested on your work,” this is what the abbot said to the artist, who managed to cleanse his soul of evil.

Teacher. So, Gogol is convinced that talent is God’s gift and a man of art should under no circumstances touch EVIL in his work, since it involuntarily begins to penetrate his soul, consciousness, and then creativity.

Message from microgroup 3 (homework on the topic “Advice and instructions from the father of artist B. to his son”) (Slide No. 14)

– Which of the father’s advice to his son do you consider the most important? Why?

Teacher. In his discussions about true art and the purity of the artist’s soul, telling the story of the struggle between good and evil, N.V. Gogol traditionally relies on biblical legends.

– What is the connection between the advice of the artist’s father B. and the Sermon on the Mount of Christ? Prove it with text. One example: (Slide No. 15)

In the text:

“A man who has left his house in light festive clothes has only to be sprinkled with one spot of dirt from under the wheels, and all the people have already surrounded him, pointing their fingers at him, and talking about his slovenliness, while the same people do not notice many spots on others passing by, dressed in everyday clothes. For stains are not noticeable on everyday clothes.”

In the Bible:

“And why do you look at the mote in your brother’s eye, but do not feel the beam in your own eye?... Do not give what is holy to dogs, and do not throw your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet and turn and tear you to pieces.” (Matthew Bible: 7:1-14)

Conclusion.

– What is the role in society of a person endowed with the “precious gift of God”? (Slide No. 16)
– How do you understand the statements of the classics about this?

XI. Homework:(the student chooses the task at will)

• Write an essay on the topic “Does the second part of the “Portrait” refutes or confirms the idea of ​​the omnipotence of evil?
• Or create syncwines telling about artists (Chartkov, his friend, father of the artist B.)

XII. Reflection.(testing – Presentation 2 , Annex 1 )

References:

1. Literature. 8th grade: Lesson plans (according to the program of A.G. Kutuzov) / Comp. L.M. Seregina - Volgograd: Teacher, 2003.
2. B. Arapovich and V. Mattelmäki. Children's Bible. Bible stories in pictures. Publisher: Russian Bible Society, Moscow, 1994
3. http://www.eelmaa.narod.ru/urlit/materials/g1.html – Marantsman V.G. Material for studying N.V. Gogol's story Portrait

Slide 2

Three portraits of Gogol by Fyodor Moller and an oval portrait of Alexander Ivanov (1840-1841)

Slide 3

Childhood impressions

Vasily Afanasyevich Gogol married the very young daughter of the landowner Kosyarovsky, Maria Ivanovna.

Slide 4

.

On March 20, 1809, in the town of Bolshiye Sorochintsy, in the house of the famous doctor Trakhimovsky in Ukraine, their son Nikolai was born. The future writer spent his childhood on his parents’ estate – Vasilyevka, Mirgorod district, Poltava province, in those places that later became known throughout Russia from Gogol’s early stories.

Slide 5

Years of study

In 1818, nine-year-old Gogol and his younger brother Ivan (who soon died) entered the Poltava district school.

Slide 6

Years of study.

In 1821, Gogol managed to enroll in the Gymnasium of Higher Sciences, which had just opened in the city of Nizhyn. This was a great success: there were few such educational institutions in Russia at that time.

Slide 9

I decided to publish the manuscript of the idyll. At the beginning of the summer of 1829, the book was printed and arrived in bookstores. The book was published under the name V. Alov. The responses were devastating. Shocked by the failure, Gogol collected unsold copies from bookstores and burned them.

Slide 10

Zhukovsky V.A. and Pletnev P.A. took part in the fate of young Gogol. With their help, he managed to leave the bureaucratic service and switch to teaching work. By the spring of 1831, the first part of “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka” was completed and put into print. Most of the idyll “Hanz Küchelgarten” was written in Nizhyn

Slide 11

On the way to glory

Every week friends gathered at Pletnev’s place. On one of these “Wednesdays”, May 20, 1831, Gogol was introduced by A.S. Pushkin. Pushkin noticed Gogol's brilliant innovation. After the appearance of “Evenings..”, none of his critics denied Gogol’s talent. Gogol becomes a prominent figure in the literary world of the capital.

Slide 12

History classes helped Gogol overcome his difficult mood. At the beginning of the next 1835, two famous collections were published: “Arabesques” and “Mirgorod”.

Slide 13

By the beginning of 1836, he finished the comedy “The Inspector General.” The first performance took place in St. Petersburg on April 19, 1836 at the Alexandrinsky Theater. Gogol reads “The Inspector General” in front of the artists of the Maly Theater.

Slide 14

In June 1836, Nikolai Vasilyevich went abroad, where he stayed, intermittently, for about ten years.

Slide 15

In June 1842, Gogol left Russia again. He often moves from one city to another, living sometimes in Germany, sometimes in France, sometimes in Italy.

Slide 16

In the spring of 1848, Gogol returned to Russia, never to leave it again. But even in his homeland he could not regain his lost peace of mind.

Slide 17

At the beginning of February 1852, Gogol's health experienced a sharp deterioration. The disease progressed. On February 21, 1852, Gogol died.

Slide 18

On February 11, 1852, being in a difficult mental state, the writer burned the manuscript of the second volume of the poem. On the morning of February 21, Gogol died in his last apartment on Nikitsky Boulevard.

Slide 19

On the initiative of Moscow State University professor Timofey Granovsky, the funeral was held as a public one; Contrary to the initial wishes of Gogol's friends, at the insistence of his superiors, the writer was buried in the university church of the martyr Tatiana. The funeral took place on Sunday afternoon on February 24 (March 7), 1852 at the cemetery of the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. A bronze cross was installed on the grave, standing on a black tombstone (“Golgotha”), and on it was carved the inscription: “I will laugh at my bitter word” (quote from the book of the prophet Jeremiah, 20, 8). In 1930, the Danilov Monastery was finally closed, and the necropolis was soon liquidated. On May 31, 1931, Gogol’s grave was opened and his remains were transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery.

Slide 20

Autolithograph by E. A. Dmitriev – Mamonov from a drawing from the 1840s. Portrait by an unknown artist, 1820s.

Slide 21

Portrait by F. Moller. Rome, 1841

Slide 22

“Portrait” is not just one of the “Petersburg Stories”, which talks about the purpose of the writer and his creation, - it is a work where Gogol’s view of the meaning and tasks of art and the Artist himself is most fully expressed.

Slide 23

Portrait - an image in a literary work of a character’s appearance

Description of the face Features of the figure - clothing Manners of behavior Facial expressions Gestures

Slide 24

What did Chartkov look like at the beginning of the story? What was his home like? Was Chartkov talented? Find evidence in the text.

Slide 25

In the explanatory dictionary, the word “talent” is interpreted as follows: “Outstanding natural abilities, a high degree of talent.” In M. M. Prishvin’s diary there is the following entry: “Talent is like an advance that needs to be worked off, and the greater the talent, the more work it takes. This is why untalented and clever people usually earn more than talented people. For the same reason, you often hear the tale of “ruined talents.” Such talents are abandoned because they cannot work. Talent is called a gift, because to a gifted and strong person the work itself brings pleasure.”

Slide 26

Who or what ruined Chartkov’s talent?

Slide 27

Now let's analyze the episode of creating a portrait of a young aristocrat, paying attention to the details. How does Gogol depict the process of working on the portrait? What disrupts an artist's work? How do you deal with customer complaints? What reconciles him with them? Why did Gogol describe the first portrait in such detail, and only mention the rest of the artist’s creations in passing?

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Text content of presentation slides: N.V. Gogol. Tale “Portrait” Three portraits of Gogol by Fyodor Moller and an oval portrait of Alexander Ivanov (1840-1841) Childhood impressions Vasily Afanasyevich Gogol married the very young daughter of the landowner Kosyarovsky, Maria Ivanovna. . On March 20, 1809, in the town of Bolshiye Sorochintsy, in the house of the famous doctor Trakhimovsky in Ukraine, their son Nikolai was born. The future writer spent his childhood on his parents’ estate – Vasilyevka, Mirgorod district, Poltava province, in those places that later became known throughout Russia from Gogol’s early stories. Years of study In 1818, nine-year-old Gogol and his younger brother Ivan (who soon died) entered the Poltava Povet School. Years of study. In 1821, Gogol managed to enroll in the Gymnasium of Higher Sciences, which had just opened in the city of Nizhyn. This was a great success: there were few such educational institutions in Russia at that time. In Petersburg. In the summer of 1828, Gogol completed his course of study at the Nizhyn Gymnasium of Higher Sciences. He is attracted to St. Petersburg; it seems to Gogol that his dream of an activity that would benefit his compatriots will come true here. In December 1828, Gogol moved to St. Petersburg. Here, for the first time, severe disappointment awaited him: his modest means turned out to be completely insignificant in the big city, and his brilliant hopes were not realized as quickly as he expected. I decided to publish the manuscript of the idyll. At the beginning of the summer of 1829, the book was printed and arrived in bookstores. The book was published under the name V. Alov. The responses were devastating. Shocked by the failure, Gogol collected unsold copies from bookstores and burned them. Zhukovsky V.A. and Pletnev P.A. took part in the fate of young Gogol. With their help, he managed to leave bureaucratic service and move on to teaching work. By the spring of 1831, the first part of “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka” was completed and put into print. Most of the idyll “Hanz Küchelgarten” was written in Nezhin. On the path to fame Every week, friends gathered at Pletnev’s place. On one of these “Wednesdays”, May 20, 1831, Gogol was introduced by A.S. Pushkin. Pushkin noticed Gogol's brilliant innovation. After the appearance of “Evenings..”, none of his critics denied Gogol’s talent. Gogol becomes a prominent figure in the literary world of the capital. History classes helped Gogol overcome his difficult mood. At the beginning of the next 1835, two famous collections were published: “Arabesques” and “Mirgorod”. By the beginning of 1836, he finished the comedy “The Inspector General.” The first performance took place in St. Petersburg on April 19, 1836 at the Alexandrinsky Theater. Gogol reads “The Inspector General” in front of the Maly Theater artists. In June 1836, Nikolai Vasilyevich went abroad, where he stayed, intermittently, for about ten years. In June 1842, Gogol left Russia again. He often moves from one city to another, living sometimes in Germany, sometimes in France, sometimes in Italy. In the spring of 1848, Gogol returned to Russia, never to leave it again. But even in his homeland he could not regain his lost peace of mind. At the beginning of February 1852, Gogol's health experienced a sharp deterioration. The disease progressed. On February 21, 1852, Gogol died. On February 11, 1852, being in a difficult mental state, the writer burned the manuscript of the second volume of the poem. On the morning of February 21, Gogol died in his last apartment on Nikitsky Boulevard. On the initiative of Moscow State University professor Timofey Granovsky, the funeral was held as a public one; Contrary to the initial wishes of Gogol's friends, at the insistence of his superiors, the writer was buried in the university church of the martyr Tatiana. The funeral took place on Sunday afternoon on February 24 (March 7), 1852 at the cemetery of the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. A bronze cross was installed on the grave, standing on a black tombstone (“Golgotha”), and on it was carved the inscription: “I will laugh at my bitter word” (quote from the book of the prophet Jeremiah, 20, 8). In 1930, the Danilov Monastery was finally closed , the necropolis was soon liquidated. On May 31, 1931, Gogol’s grave was opened and his remains were transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery. Autolithograph by E. A. Dmitriev – Mamonov from a drawing from the 1840s. Portrait by an unknown artist, 1820s. Portrait by F. Moller. Rome, 1841 “Portrait” is not just one of the “Petersburg stories”, which talks about the purpose of the writer and his creation, but is a work in which Gogol’s view of the meaning and tasks of art and the Artist himself is most fully expressed. Portrait - an image in a literary work of a character's appearance Description of the face Features of the figure - clothing Manners of behavior Facial expressions Gestures What did Chartkov look like at the beginning of the story? What was his home like? Was Chartkov talented? Find evidence in the text. In the explanatory dictionary, the word “talent” is interpreted as follows: “Outstanding natural abilities, a high degree of talent.” In M. M. Prishvin’s diary there is the following entry: “Talent is like an advance that needs to be worked off, and the greater the talent, the more work it takes. This is why untalented and clever people usually earn more than talented people. For the same reason, you often hear the tale of “ruined talents.” Such talents are abandoned because they cannot work. Talent is called a gift, because to a gifted and strong person the work itself brings pleasure.” Who or what ruined Chartkov’s talent? Now let’s analyze the episode of creating a portrait of a young aristocrat, paying attention to the details. How does Gogol depict the process of working on a portrait? What disrupts the artist’s work? How does he react to the customer’s claims? What reconciles him with them? Why did Gogol describe the first portrait in such detail, but mentioned the rest of the artist’s creations just in passing?