Annual medical examination of employees: concept and stages of implementation. Do office workers need to undergo a medical examination - procedure, list of doctors Step-by-step instructions for preparing for a periodic medical examination

The doctor's test is mandatory for all medical workers. The specifics of passing a medical examination depend on whether you are an employee of a public or private clinic.

For government agencies

Treatment and prevention centers are required to organize a medical examination for all their employees every year. This procedure is mandatory, regardless of rank, doctorate or qualification level. All municipal organizations and state medical centers fit into this category. If for some reason a specialist does not pass the test, he is not allowed to work.

Some specialists may check your health every 6 months, as well as if there are complaints about the general condition of the body. In addition, unscheduled inspections may be ordered when there is a threat of an epidemic, as well as increased incidence of dangerous diseases. For employees receiving salaries from the state budget, it is not necessary to have a medical book. Mandatory visits to doctors and tests once a year:

. dermatologist;

With analysis on RW;

OAM and UAC;

A smear when undergoing a gynecologist or andrologist;

Stool analysis; diphtheria vaccination;

Therapist.

For clinic workers

A medical examination for doctors working in clinics is mandatory, but when visiting specialists there is no hygienic training. At the end of the inspection, health workers are given a certificate of passing a medical commission, which indicates information about their health status, and is stamped. All information about the employee is duplicated in his personal medical record.

For medical staff of private sanatoriums and medical centers, the examination is recorded in a special medical book. It is purchased along with the work book and filled out for employment. The boss is responsible for adding each new employee to the team, and therefore is obliged not to allow candidates to work whose medical records do not have the appropriate signatures and stamps. According to the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor, the boss ensures that all employees’ medical books are submitted for expert assessment.

For employees of maternity hospitals, children's medical institutions, and pathological clinics, the examination takes place in the standard manner prescribed for medical workers. The screening program includes visiting the following doctors: narcologist, psychiatrist, neurologist, endocrinologist, ENT, dermatologist, ophthalmologist, gynecologist, oncologist, allergist and therapist. In addition, it is necessary to undergo a number of tests: OAM, OAC, blood bioscreening. Testing for syphilis, gonorrhea, hepatitis, typhoid fever and staphylococcus is also required.

For pharmacists and pharmacy workers, medical examinations are carried out strictly according to schedule. Planned medical visits are carried out annually. It is mandatory that pharmacists undergo the following examinations:

. drug control;

Psychiatric assessment;

Dental examination;

Check with an ENT specialist;

Dermato examination;

Control by a psychiatrist;

Examination by a therapist.

Standard tests for pharmacy workers and employees working with medications are as follows: KBC, OAM, HIV and hepatitis testing, bioscreening, smear, feces, for women - mammography.

Medical examination is procedure for identifying occupational diseases at the enterprise, which is controlled by law and is of particular importance for both the employer and the employee. A medical examination reveals pathologies and diseases that the employees themselves may simply not have noticed.

Regular prevention allows you to timely avoid the spread of infectious diseases in the enterprise, occupational diseases of workers, thus periodic medical examinations at the enterprise are very useful.

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General concepts

The definition of a medical examination entered the legal field after a similar concept “medical examination” in 2006 (these amendments to the Federal Labor Code were legislatively introduced on June thirtieth, 2006 (N90-FZ)), however, its essence after these revisions did not lose its original meaning.

The currently functioning federal law does not provide definitions for a medical examination, but the origin of this combination of words, and in addition the essence of this event, make it possible to reveal its functional meaning.

A medical examination is a professional examination of a patient by a medical professional for diseases.

“Inspection” means confirmed as a result of an examination patient health report, which includes all relevant results of the primary survey.

The term “medical examination” is more clearly formulated in Art. 65 Federal Law dated November 21, 2011 N323-FZ and involves a set of medical examination and examination measures aimed at factually confirming that the patient’s health is in any state significant from a legal point of view.

More extensive medical examinations are periodic medical examinations with an expanded list of medical experts participating in them and the methods of examination used.

Periodic medical examinations should be carried out in order to monitor the well-being of the organization's employees, promptly detect infectious diseases in the enterprise.

Read about the initial medical examination when applying for a job in our article.

In addition, promote preventive and rehabilitative actions of employees that contribute to the prevention of diseases, prevent any episodes associated with illnesses or injuries at work.

Constant medical examinations are carried out during all stages of employees’ activities with the employer. at certain short intervals. The cyclicity of their implementation depends on the harmfulness of production conditions, which have a great impact on the production worker.

There is a fairly clear definition of a medical examination (examination): this is a set of medical and medicinal measures, establishing and defining pathologies, diseases and the conditions for their occurrence and further development.

Medical examination is divided into several categories: preventive, preliminary, periodic, pre-shift/pre-trip, post-shift/post-trip.

Inspections can be carried out exclusively during regular working hours, i.e. be built into the schedule, and be paid in the amount of the employee’s regular salary (paragraph 11, part 2, article 212 of the Federal Labor Code).

Medical examinations are supervised by the municipal department of Rospotrebnadzor. To this regulatory body, employers send a list of their employees available for medical examination, within ten days from the date of its adoption(clause 21, part III, Addendum N3 to Order N302n).

After the completion of the medical examination, the medical organization, together with the regulatory authority, draws up a final document with the results of the examination, after which one sample is sent to the employer, and the others to the regional office of Rospotrebnadzor and the local occupational pathology center.

If during the medical examination the employee had an occupational illness was discovered, then it must be confirmed by any licensed medical institution that has permission to carry out examinations and prove the relationship of specific diseases with specialties.

Who is required to undergo a medical examination at work and at whose expense?

After the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2011 N302n, on January 1, 2012, principles came into force that oblige all employers to implement regular medical examinations and pay for them at your own expense.

But this only affects those situations in which the organization’s employees actually have problems, for example, with hazardous production, or other difficult working conditions affecting the health of employees.

According with Order N302н Mandatory inspections apply to employees employed in the educational, healthcare, medical industries, social services, construction, motor vehicles, home services and other areas where employees may be exposed to harmful conditions.

A routine medical examination in an organization is carried out for occupational diseases, and therefore pregnancy is not a subject for controversy in this case - pregnant employees undergo routine examination just like all other employees.

Regulations on medical examinations in the organization

The regulation on medical examinations is a document that is a normative act that determines the frequency and cyclicity of mandatory medical examinations at an enterprise.

This document reflects not only scheduled, but also unscheduled inspections of employees in the organization. The document is being developed in accordance with current legislation, and in particular with special attention to the key requirements of the Federal Labor Code and orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development. The document is drawn up in any form.

Download a sample of the Regulations on primary and periodic medical examinations for free.

Inspection frequency

Not long ago, the frequency of medical examinations changed. Up to 01/01/12 there was a provision according to which inspections had to be repeated at intervals in no way at least once every 2 years.

But today, how often mandatory medical examinations should be carried out is shown in Order N302н- various production conditions harmful to health, for various types of work for which these measures are carried out, - annually or up to every 2 years(Additions N1, N2 to Order N302н).

Employees of the enterprise working in production who have not reached 21 years of age are required to undergo such medical examinations every year, in accordance with paragraph 17 of Part III of Addendum N3 to Order N302n.

However, the individual frequency of inspections for each individual enterprise depends from harmful working conditions. Periodic inspections are carried out during the development of personalized lists, which indicate hazard factors, labor characteristics, etc. All this reflects the real state of affairs in the organization.

Article 219 of the Labor Code regulates legal relations in the field of extraordinary medical examinations.

An unscheduled medical examination is a type of medical examination that is not documented and not included in the relevant lists by regulatory authorities.

An extraordinary medical examination can be carried out both at the request of an employee of the enterprise, and at the initiative of the employer, if it has suspicions of the employee’s professional incompetence.

One of the options for periodic medical examination is pre-shift/pre-trip inspection, carried out before the working day/shift/trip of an employee-driver, to reveal the possible impact of harmful and unsafe production conditions for the work of the enterprise, conditions or diseases that interfere with the fulfillment of labor obligations.

Including the establishment of intoxication, if any, from alcohol-containing drinks, drug intoxication, as well as other toxic types of intoxication (Article 46 of the Law of the Russian Federation of November 21, 2011 N323-FZ).

Inspection is carried out at the beginning of each working day by a responsible employee. Periodic medical examinations for drivers are carried out once every 2 years. The procedure for undergoing a medical examination of drivers is regulated by Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated June 15, 2015 N 344n.

Algorithm

An approximate algorithm for conducting a medical examination looks something like this:

The examination is carried out in a medical institution and is considered fully completed only after a complete visit to all doctors and the completion of all general laboratory tests.

Also, after completing all procedures, the client a conclusion is issued, which he then passes on to his employer. The second copy remains forever in the medical institution and is pasted into the patient’s medical record.

Employees of the enterprise who have not identified any pathologies that impede normal work receive a special conclusion from the medical commission.

If any diseases were found in an employee, then they are also reflected in the conclusion, and then this employee may have two options - he can either completely terminate his employment relationship with this organization, that is, simply quit or transfer to another position in the same organization.

The employer is obliged to offer alternative place of work, work in which does not contradict the medical indicators of this employee, in accordance with Part 1 of Article 73 of the Federal Labor Code.

List of medical specialists

The chairman of the medical commission may be appointed occupational pathologist, and the medical commission must include specialist doctors-occupational pathologists who have undergone the appropriate advanced training processes in their immediate specialty (clause 5, part I of Addendum N3 to Order N302n).

For all types of employees who are eligible for mandatory medical examinations, examinations by psychiatrists and narcologists are also inevitable (in accordance with reference N3 to Addendum N1 to Order N302n).

Who should be responsible for late medical examination?

For conducting regular medical examinations the employer is responsible. This affects those types of workers that are specified in the current federal labor law (in accordance with paragraph 11, part 2, article 212 of the Federal Labor Code).

The employee is only required to go through routine examinations– this provision is fixed in Article 214 of the Federal Labor Code, according to which employees are required to undergo mandatory periodic medical examinations by order of their immediate superiors.

This requirement in some cases can be localized by mutual agreement within the company; all parties must be aware of the availability of such medical examinations when signing a collective act.

If an employee has not undergone a periodic medical examination, what should he do? If an employee does not agree to conduct an inspection, the company may temporarily remove him from his position or somehow suspend him from work, in accordance with Article 76 of the Federal Labor Code.

During the period of time when an employee is suspended from work, the employee’s salary is not transferred, except for certain exceptional situations in accordance with Article 76 of the Labor Code.

This time period is not included in the length of service that provides the opportunity for annual paid leave (Article 121 of the Labor Code).

If, under specific conditions, the employer is the initiator and culprit of the conflict, then the period of dismissal of the employee is determined as simple (under Article 157 of the Labor Code).

Fine for failure to undergo periodic medical examination

The size of fines has now increased significantly, and the attention of regulatory authorities to violations related to the organization and conduct of medical examinations has increased significantly in recent years.

Currently, the amount of penalties for officials for refusing a medical examination is 15-25 thousand rubles, for organizations – 110-130 thousand rubles(in accordance with Part 3 of Article 5.27.1 of the Federal Code of Administrative Offenses).

And at the same time, officials of regulatory authorities have the right, when compiling an accounting picture, to count all employees of the organization who did not visit doctors, which will ultimately result in fines with multi-digit figures. This fine is imposed on the entire company and try there is no point in challenging it in court.

For example, in one such case, an employee argued for skipping medical examinations by arguing that an assessment of working conditions at the workplace (i.e., certification) did not show any problems, and this relieved company management from the need for constant medical examinations.

The court did not accept this argument, because the company belonged to the category of catering enterprises, and employees of such enterprises were subject to regular inspections in accordance with Part 2 of Article 203 of the Federal Labor Code of January 2, 2000, Art. 23 Fed. Law No. 29-FZ and clause 15.1 SP 2.3.6. 1079–01.

As a result, the court decision the activities of the enterprise were suspended.

Find out whether a psychiatrist is needed for a medical examination from the video:

How is the list of employees who must undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations (employees of a medical organization - rehabilitation center) determined? Should all employees of the organization undergo a primary medical examination, even those who do not have harmful factors in the workplace, for example, accounting workers, an engineer, a cultural organizer, an accompanist (according to the special assessment, the frequency of undergoing neither primary nor periodic medical examinations is not indicated, since there are no harmful factors according to appendices 1 and 2 to the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated April 12, 2011 N 302n)?

On this issue we take the following position:
There is no need for medical examinations (both preliminary and periodic) for the employees indicated in the question.

Justification for the position:
Passing medical examinations, including preliminary and periodic ones, is mandatory only in cases provided for by law (, Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Part two of this article, in order to protect public health and prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases, obliges employees of medical organizations to undergo mandatory preliminary (upon employment) and periodic medical examinations.
According to part four of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, work during which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out, the procedure for conducting such examinations is determined by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. Based on this norm, the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, by its order dated April 12, 2011 N 302n (hereinafter referred to as Order N 302n), approved the List of works during the performance of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations) of workers are carried out (hereinafter referred to as the List).
According to clause 17 of the List, such work includes the work of medical personnel of medical institutions. The nomenclature of medical organizations, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated August 6, 2013 N 529n, stipulates that rehabilitation centers are classified as treatment and preventive institutions.
As you can see, paragraph 17 of the List refers specifically to medical personnel. According to the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 N 323-FZ “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation,” a medical worker is an individual who has a medical or other education, works in a medical organization and whose labor (official) responsibilities include the implementation of medical activities , or an individual who is an individual entrepreneur directly engaged in medical activities. The nomenclature of positions for medical workers and pharmaceutical workers was approved by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 20, 2012 N 1183n. The positions “Accountant”, “Engineer”, “Cultural organizer”, “Accompanist” are not included in the list of positions for medical workers.
Since periodic medical examinations (examinations) of employees of medical organizations are necessary to perform only certain types of work, and the work of these employees is not related to medical activities, we believe that the requirement of part two of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation to undergo periodic medical examinations by virtue of the specified clause 17 of the List of Works does not apply to them.
However, it should be noted that in law enforcement practice there is also a different point of view on this matter, according to which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are mandatory for any employees of medical organizations. In particular, this approach can be found in arbitration practice concerning the provision of services in medical organizations by third-party providers (see, for example, the decision of the Arbitration Court of the Perm Territory dated March 21, 2018 in case No. A50-36295/2017, the decision of the Moscow Arbitration Court dated January 20 .2015 in case No. A40-43725/2014, as well as in consultations with Rostrud specialists (see answer 3, answer 4 from the portal "Online inspection.RF")). In support of their conclusions, both the courts and Rostrud specialists refer to the provisions of clause 15.1 of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Standards SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10, approved by Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 18, 2010 N 58 (hereinafter referred to as SanPiN 2.1.3.2630 -10), according to which the personnel of organizations engaged in medical activities must undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations with the execution of a final commission report.
In our opinion, this position is not sufficiently substantiated due to the fact that part four of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation indicates that the list of works for which preliminary and periodic medical examinations are mandatory is established by a federal government body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. Rospotrebnadzor and the chief state sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation are not vested with such powers (see Federal Law of March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, Regulations on the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 30, 2004 N 322). In addition, the chapter, which includes clause 15.1, is called “Requirements for working conditions of medical personnel.”
In conclusion, we note that the stated position is our expert opinion. Considering the contradictory opinions on this issue, it is impossible to exclude claims from regulatory authorities in this case. For official clarification, we recommend contacting the official competent government body - the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation by mail (127994, GSP-4, Moscow, Ilyinka St., 21) or by filling out the application form on the official website of the department (http: //www.rosmintrud.ru/reception/ask).

Prepared answer:
Expert of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Rachenkova Yulia

Response quality control:
Reviewer of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Komarova Victoria

The material was prepared on the basis of individual written consultation provided as part of the Legal Consulting service.

Based on Order No. of the Ministry of Health and Social Development, employees of enterprises, educational institutions, and retail outlets undergo an annual mandatory medical examination. For managers, personnel examination eliminates worries about risks to the health of others and protects them from paying compensation. According to Art. and Labor Code, the employer bears the costs of undergoing a medical examination.

A medical examination is a comprehensive exercise for diagnosing pathologies and preventing occupational diseases. The procedure is periodic. The purposes of the medical examination are:

• employee health monitoring;
• reducing the number of injuries sustained at work;
• compliance with the terms of medical supervision of representatives of certain professions;
• tracking the dynamics of employee illnesses;
• detection of the initial stage of pathologies that develop due to harmful factors;
• monitoring possible obstacles to certain activities;
• prevention of infectious diseases;
• eliminating the risk of accidents at work.

A person who has undergone a periodic medical examination receives a conclusion from a medical commission. Based on this, he can ask the employer to transfer to a less dangerous production site.

Types of medical examinations for workers

Depending on the frequency, there are three types of surveys.

Types of Medical Exams

Mandatory preliminary medical examination

Preliminary medical examination of employees is a one-time procedure before being hired by the enterprise. The candidate receives a referral from the employer or undergoes an examination as a mandatory stage in drawing up an employment contract. Applicants are rejected based on unsatisfactory results.

You need to undergo a preliminary and, upon admission to the staff, an annual scheduled medical examination:

• job candidates under 18 years of age;
• applicants planning to perform heavy or dangerous work;
• applicants for employment in the Far North;
• athletes, pilots, drivers, machinists;
• employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, customs, judges;
• railway workers.

Organizations that violate these rules are subject to an administrative fine. For other business categories, undergoing a medical examination remains at the discretion of management.

Important! When an applicant is not suitable due to health conditions, the refusal is sent in writing. If you do not agree to undergo an examination to sign an employment contract, management has the right to refuse employment.

Periodic medical examination of employees

According to para. 12 hours 2 tbsp. The Labor Code for enterprise specialists is subject to an annual scheduled medical examination. Diagnostic procedures can be performed in a public hospital or a licensed private clinic.

During the medical examination, specialists conduct analyzes and tests that are different for professions, ages, and genders. All employees are required to undergo a number of procedures. These include examination by a therapist, neurologist, surgeon, ophthalmologist, general blood tests, urine tests, fluorography, and an ECG. The result of the examination is entered into the medical record.

The procedure for undergoing a medical examination every year is mandatory for:

• workers in production associated with harmful or dangerous factors;
• catering company employees;
• people working at heights;
• doctors, representatives of health authorities, pharmaceutical specialists;
• personnel of educational institutions;
• citizens working in the field of poultry farming, livestock farming and water utilities.

Employees under 21 years of age, drivers, machinists and pilots undergo periodic examinations before starting a shift.

On a note! Organizations whose personnel spend more than 50% of their working time at the computer can order an on-site medical examination. Its results are equivalent to “ordinary”.

Extraordinary medical examination of employees

The legislation of the Russian Federation does not establish a clear procedure for conducting a medical examination out of turn. An employee can undergo it on his own initiative if there is a suspicion of deterioration in his health. Most often these reasons are related to professional activities.

Representatives of a medical institution can give recommendations when undergoing an unscheduled examination after a periodic examination. The reason is an additional examination or medical examination initiated by occupational safety specialists who suspect that conditions at work have sharply deteriorated, and an annual analysis has revealed suspicious symptoms.

Who should undergo a medical examination

The legislation of the Russian Federation clearly establishes who exactly undergoes a routine medical examination - they are checked annually:

Frequency of medical examination

Based on the type of activity of the organization, the timing of the medical examination is established. For whom an annual scheduled medical examination is required for 2019-2020, you can find out from the table.

Crane operators, elevator operators, electricians, and employees of transportation and scaffolding companies must be examined once every 2 years.

At the place of work, specialists are examined, the quality of their health and work is affected by noise, light, temperature, physical and sensory stress.

The procedure for conducting medical examinations of enterprise employees

Responsibility for ensuring that staff undergo annual scheduled medical examinations rests with the employer. The medical center with which the organization has an agreement forms a medical commission. A complete list of doctors is available in Order No. The procedure for conducting a medical examination is established by law.

Step 1. Conclude an agreement

The company's management selects a medical institution and signs an agreement with it. The terms of medical examination are selected and agreed upon after drawing up the contract.

Important! The clinic must have a license to perform diagnostic examinations of workers.

Step 2. Making a list

The employer makes two lists:

• contingent - a list of employees and positions;
• name - list of personnel.

The first document is sent to the territorial Rospotrebnadzor within 10 days. The second is submitted to the medical center 2 months before the date of examination.

Step 3. Making a plan

The executing party (medical center) that accepted the list of names must develop a calendar plan within 10 days from the date of receipt and 14 days before the medical examination. It indicates by day which specialists to see and which tests to take. The employer approves the plan with his signature and seal.

Sample medical examination plan

Step 4. Prepare the order

The employer draws up an order on the need for a medical examination and the order of its priority. Employees become familiar with the text of the document 10 days before the medical examination. The order reflects:

• grounds for periodic medical examination are Art. , and TK;
• the need to approve the list of employees and the inspection schedule;
• medical institution where personnel are sent;
• documents that citizens need to have in their hands;
• obligation to maintain earnings (based on Art. Labor Code);
• mandatory provision of a medical report;
• a way for the heads of the employee department to familiarize themselves with the order.

Important! The document should indicate the persons controlling its execution.

Sample order for a medical examination

Step 5. Issue directions

The legislation of the Russian Federation does not establish a unified form of referral. The company draws it up randomly and hands it to the employee.

Step 6. Workers undergo inspection

Having a referral for a medical examination from the employer, a passport, company representatives come to the medical center with which the company has an agreement. During the period when diagnostic measures are carried out, employees retain their average salary.

Sample referral for medical examination

What to do after the examination

After the annual scheduled medical examination of the organization’s personnel is completed, the medical center has 30 days to draw up a conclusion report. The document is certified by the director of the clinic and then submitted for approval to the territorial Rospotrebnadzor.

The employer collects medical books from employees with the results of medical examinations, signatures and seals of doctors. According to the medical report, the person’s membership in the dispensary group is established. In the medical record, doctors need to indicate recommendations for maintaining health. If there are pathologies, provide data on observation, therapy and rehabilitation.

Medical examination costs

The employing company compensates 100% of the personnel costs for undergoing the inspection. During the period of the survey, employees retain their average earnings. At the end of the event, employees must hand over the medical book to the employer.

Depending on the region, management pays the medical center 1,500-5,000 rubles, but most companies give a discount. The state compensates part of the funds through the Social Insurance Fund.

The employer also pays for a medical examination upon hiring. If an employee independently paid for the services of specialists, he is entitled to a refund. To do this, you will need to write an application and attach payment receipts.

Consequences of failure to undergo a medical examination

Legislation establishes liability measures for management and employees who have not undergone periodic medical examinations.

Sanctions for personnel

If a citizen refuses to undergo a scheduled inspection, the employer has the right to remove him from work and not pay wages until the violator passes the examination. If a person does not want to undergo a medical examination upon employment, he is denied employment. If there are good reasons, the employee receives a salary for the entire period of unemployment.

Sanctions for the employer

An employer who ignores the annual scheduled medical examination of its employees is subject to a fine depending on the type of ownership. Individual entrepreneurs pay 15 thousand rubles, legal entities - 110 thousand rubles.

If an employee misses an inspection for reasons independent of him and management, the head of the company pays for downtime in the amount of 2/3 of the person’s salary.

The frequency of medical examination depends on the professional qualifications of specialists. For most types of activities it is regular - once a year. Adhering to the passage algorithm will protect the employer from a fine, and the staff will not be suspended from work.

An order for medical examinations is a document that determines the procedure for medical examinations. They help identify problems in the health of employees and prevent occupational diseases in a timely manner. We sorted out what periodic medical examinations are, order 302n and compiled a sample order for undergoing a periodic medical examination.

Periodic medical examinations in 2019 (Order 302n of the Ministry of Health dated April 12, 2011, Articles 212, 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) are carried out, as before, to monitor the health status of workers and reduce the number of injuries at the enterprise. Periodic medical examination (order 302n establishes the rules of the process) is carried out when exposed to certain harmful factors for specific types of work activity.

Download Order of the Ministry of Health 302n dated 04/12/2011

When and why are periodic medical examinations performed?

The order of the Ministry of Health on periodic medical examinations establishes specific terms for the procedure, which depend on what harmful factor affects the employee and the degree of its danger.

The timing of a medical examination in a medical institution is determined at least once every two years, for some influencing factors and types of activities - at least once a year. Workers under 21 years of age must be tested every year. The Occupational Pathology Center carries out procedures at least once every 5 years.

The order to conduct periodic medical examinations of employees provides for checking for the following risks:

1. Chemical (those whose content in the air of the employee’s place of work and on his skin can be measured, including elements of a biological nature derived through chemical synthesis - antibiotics, vitamins).
2. Biological (pathogens, spores, microorganisms with pathogenic properties).
3. Physical (ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, vibration, noise, high or low ambient temperature).
4. The severity of the work process (static and dynamic load, posture during work, weight of loads).
5. Intensity of the work process (degree of load on the senses, voice, degree of density of sound and light signals).

Periodic medical examinations 2019 (order 302n) are necessary for:

Measures to ensure the safety of employee health are carried out on a planned basis and, accordingly, are approved by a local act of the employer.

There is no template for an administrative document defined at the legislative level; it can be generated arbitrarily.

The order for periodic medical examinations must:

• approve the date or schedule for the implementation of procedures;
• identify the person responsible for the process;
• provide information about the medical institution;
• explain responsibility for failure to pass;
• oblige heads of departments to ensure attendance in accordance with the lists;
• familiarize the participants in the process against signature;
• inform about the employee responsible for execution;
• Attach a list of employees who need to be examined.

The document is signed by the head of the institution.

Sample order for periodic medical examinations

Who should undergo treatment and which doctors?

To conduct periodic medical examinations, the employer determines a list of employees (depending on the harmful factors affecting them and the type of work in which they are employed).

The list for medical examination should include the following employees:

• those who are affected by harmful production factors from the list approved by the administrative document of the Ministry of Health;
• those whose work activities are related to the list of types of work and professions provided for in the same document;
• related to transport (Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• workers in the food industry, catering and trade, medical and child care institutions, and water supply facilities (Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• athletes (Article 348.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• under 18 years of age (Article 266 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

The list of medical specialists and tests that an employee needs to undergo during a periodic medical examination is established depending on the type of work included in the list by the Ministry of Health and the influencing factors.

The medical institution forms a medical commission chaired by an occupational pathologist who has a valid certificate and approves the composition of the commission.

The list of doctors who must examine the employee during a periodic medical examination is given in the table.

The procedure is carried out by medical institutions of any form of ownership that have the appropriate right.

Who sends for periodic medical examination and how?

The procedure for referral for medical examination is strictly defined. It consists of the following actions by the employer:

• compiles a list of employees, including the name of the type of work and the influencing factor;
• approves the list of the contingent subject to examination (a sample order for undergoing a periodic medical examination - below) and sends it to the territorial agency of Rospotrebnadzor in the region of location;
• sends a list of the contingent and a list of employees by name to the medical institution that will conduct the procedure 2 months before its start;
• introduces employees to the calendar plan at least 10 days before their start;
• provides a referral indicating the name of the employer, form of ownership and type of activity according to OKVED, name of the medical institution, type of examination, full name, position, type of work of the employee and influencing factors;
• Based on the results, draw up a joint final act and receive one copy of it.

Guarantees for employees when undergoing a medical examination

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation in Article 185 provides certain guarantees for employees participating in the medical examination procedure. During the period of examination, the employee must retain his place of work and the average salary.

If markers of an occupational disease are detected, the employee is sent to an occupational pathology center and for the duration of the examination in this center, the employee retains the average salary.

Consequences of failure to undergo a medical examination

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation has made it the employer's responsibility to conduct inspections, and for a number of categories of employees to undergo them. Violation of these provisions will result in sanctions for both parties.

Punishment for the employee

Labor Code of the Russian Federation in Art. 214 directly states the employee's duty. If he is given notice of the procedure, but he refuses, the employer removes the employee from performing functions until the examination is completed. No wages are paid for this period. Disciplinary liability in the form of a reprimand, reprimand or dismissal is also provided.

Punishment for the employer

If control authorities identify employees at an enterprise who have not passed a medical examination, the employer faces a fine in accordance with Part 3 of Art. 5.27.1 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation: