Class hour for National Unity Day with presentation. Presentations on National Unity Day, free download for class

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On Unity Day we will be close, We will be together forever, All the nationalities of Russia In distant villages and cities! To live, work, build, sow bread, raise children, create, love and argue, protect the peace of people, honor ancestors, remember their deeds, avoid wars, conflicts, to fill life with happiness, to sleep under a peaceful sky!

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In 1612, the entire Russian land stood up against the Polish invaders and traitors. The battles for Moscow began. Prince Pozharsky turned out to be a talented commander. And Kozma Minin, not sparing his life, fought under the walls of the capital like a simple warrior.

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And then the glorious day came: the enemy army surrendered to the mercy of the victors! Prince Pozharsky entered Kitai-Gorod with the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and vowed to build a temple in memory of this victory

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In 1649, by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov, the day of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, November 4, was declared a public holiday for the deliverance of Moscow and all of Russia from the invasion of the Poles in 1612. This day was celebrated for centuries until 1917.

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The reward for Minin and Pozharsky was people's memory. It is not for nothing that a monument to them stands on Red Square - in the very heart of Russia.

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The monument to Minin and Pozharsky is the very first in Moscow! However, it was initially planned to install it in Nizhny Novgorod - in the city where the militia was gathered. Fundraising began in 1803, and the work was entrusted to Ivan Martos. The sculptor depicted the moment when Kuzma Minin, pointing his hand towards Moscow, hands Prince Pozharsky an ancient sword and calls on him to stand at the head of the Russian army. Leaning on the shield, the wounded governor rises from his bed, which symbolizes the awakening of national self-awareness in a difficult hour for the Fatherland. They decided to erect the monument in Moscow, on Red Square.

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The presentation on the topic “November 4 - National Unity Day” can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Project subject: Holidays. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 27 slide(s).

Presentation slides

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The beginning of the Time of Troubles

The beginning of the Time of Troubles in Rus' is considered to be the death of the last tsar from the Rurik dynasty - Fyodor Ivanovich. He died on January 6, 1598, leaving no heirs. His younger brother Tsarevich Dmitry died in Uglich on May 15, 1591. The prince's relatives blamed Boris Godunov for his death. But the facts indicate that he was not involved in what happened.

Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich. Portrait from the Titular Book. XVII century

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Tsar Boris Godunov 1598-1605

After the death of Fyodor Ivanovich, with the support of Patriarch Job, Irina’s (Fyodor’s wife) brother Boris was elected to the throne. The Boyar Duma was against it. The matter was decided by the dowager queen. “The time has come for you to be clothed in royal purple,” read her decree. Only after this Godunov entered the royal chambers.

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Early 17th century

During his short reign, Boris Godunov did a lot for Russia. In 1598, the Siberian Khanate was finally defeated and Rus' advanced from the Irtysh and Ob to the Yenisei. Good neighborly relations were established with the Crimea. In 1601, a twenty-year truce was concluded with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The attachment of peasants to the land contributed to the development of agriculture. Powerful fortresses and cathedrals were built. The port in Arkhangelsk came into operation. But his reign witnessed the most severe natural disaster the country has experienced in the last thousand years.

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Winters in 1601-1602 were long and snowy. In the summer it rained for weeks, and sometimes it snowed. Winter crops died under the snow, spring grains rotted on the vine. At the beginning of 1603, bread prices rose 18 times, money was rapidly losing value, and there were no more reserves. The hungry flocked to the capital in droves, but they no longer received help. In large cities, all cats and dogs were eaten, and there were cases of cannibalism. People were dying of hunger right on the streets. In Moscow, 127 thousand people were buried in just three mass graves, mostly those who came to the capital in the hope of salvation. Muscovites were buried, as a rule, in church cemeteries, and how many of them were buried in the ground is not even counted. Contemporaries believed that a third of the kingdom of Moscow had died out. Robberies became more frequent, and special detachments under the command of experienced commanders had to be sent to fight them. The next year was easier at first, but few people had any grain left to sow. Still, bread prices have dropped slightly. But later the disaster repeated itself - again continuous rains and early frosts. The chronicle reports that “in Moscow in the middle of the summer great snow fell and there was frost, we rode in sleighs.” This means that the snow lay for at least two or three days. By this time, bread had already risen in price 25 times.

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The first impostor.

It was at this time that a man appeared in Lithuania, calling himself the son of Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Dmitry (he went down in history under the name of False Dmitry I), allegedly miraculously avoiding death and hiding in monasteries for many years. He was well educated, knew court etiquette, many secrets of the Moscow court and details of the events in Uglich. Some believed him, others pretended to believe him. The Polish princes, who were not satisfied with the peace with Russia, decided to take the opportunity and help Dmitry (False Dmitry) ascend to the Moscow throne

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Marina Mnishek The impostor's invasion of Russia

In exchange for support, False Dmitry agreed to fulfill a number of conditions. He promised to pay Mnishek a million gold pieces, marry his daughter Marina and give her Pskov and Novgorod as an inheritance, the king - part of the Russian lands, and the Jesuits - to convert Rus' to Catholicism. In the fall of 1604, the army of False Dmitry (about two thousand mercenaries) invaded Russia. Many western, and especially southern cities and villages support the impostor and stand under his banner. Dissatisfaction with the policies of Boris Godunov is brewing in the country. In the spring of 1605, government troops completely lost their combat effectiveness. In the last weeks before his death, Boris increasingly fell into doubt, almost lost his mind and did not know whether to believe that Dmitry was alive or that he had died. On April 13, 1605, Boris Godunov died

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The end of the Godunovs

Three days after the death of Boris Godunov, Moscow swore allegiance to his 16-year-old son Fyodor Borisovich. The largest cities of Russia - Novgorod, Kazan, Astrakhan, as well as Pomorie and Siberia - also swore the oath. Perhaps Fyodor would have become a good sovereign. He received an excellent education and had obvious abilities. But he was the grandson of Malyuta Skuratov, and this doomed him to death. In May 1605, first in the tsar's army, and then in Moscow, a rebellion began. A countless crowd gathered on Red Square and broke into the Kremlin. The tsar managed to hide, but at first they didn’t look for him - people rushed to rob the royal mansions, the Godunovs’ courtyards (and other rich courtyards). There were no murders, but there were also casualties: the crowd destroyed the wine cellars, and about 50 people drank themselves to death. By noon the unrest had subsided - Muscovites did not know what to do next. Later, the king and his mother were discovered and placed under house arrest. On June 3, the boyars went to Serpukhov to bow to the impostor. He announced that he would not enter Moscow until Fyodor Godunov and his mother were destroyed. The boyars fulfill the demand. Mother and son were strangled and their bodies were displayed in the square. The body of Boris Godunov was removed from the tomb of the Archangel Cathedral and put up for desecration. “And they threw stones at him, and kicked his body, which was prostrate and lying on the ground,” the chronicle reports.

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Reign of False Dmitry I

On June 20, 1605, the “royal” train, accompanied by armed Polish warriors and Cossacks, entered Moscow. The capital greeted him with the ringing of bells. The crowd that filled the streets of the city roared: “God grant you health, sir!” The 11-month reign of the impostor began. In an effort to strengthen his position, the impostor placed his protege, the Greek Ignatius, on the patriarchal throne. He also tried to put an end to the resistance of the boyars. The influential boyar Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky, who tried to expose the impostor and claimed that the real Tsarevich Dmitry died in Uglich, was captured following a denunciation. The executioner had already led Shuisky to the place of execution, but at the last moment False Dmitry pardoned him. The execution was replaced by exile. To put an end to rumors of imposture, False Dmitry summoned Maria Naguya to the capital. On July 17, 1605, near the village of Taininskoye near Moscow, the impostor and Maria Nagaya “recognized” each other. The naked woman was showered with gifts. Her relatives from now on sat in the Boyar Duma above the Golitsyns, Saltykovs, Sheremetevs, who were very annoyed. A few days after meeting with his “mother,” False Dmitry was crowned in the Assumption Cathedral. “I have two ways to maintain my kingdom,” the impostor told his friends, “one way is to be a tyrant, the other is to spare no expense in order to reward; it’s better to have a model to favor...” Indeed, one gets the impression that False Dmitry tried to please all segments of the population. And the most incredible rumors circulated around Moscow. Someone saw Boris Godunov alive. Someone claimed that “Tsarevich Peter” appeared among the Don Cossacks - the son of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich (Fyodor Ioannovich, as you remember, died childless). On the Terek, the Cossacks actually recognized a certain Ileika Gorchakov (Muromets) as “Tsarevich Peter”. “Tsarevich Peter” wrote to False Dmitry, demanding “the throne of his father,” and fought in the South of the towns where the governors appointed by the “tsar” sat. The upcoming wedding of the Tsar with Marina Mnishek added fuel to the fire. Despite their love for False Dmitry, the people called his bride nothing less than a heretic

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Death of the impostor

By the spring of 1606, a conspiracy had matured in Moscow to overthrow the impostor. At the head of the conspiracy were Ivan and Vasily Golitsyn, Vasily, Dmitry and Ivan Shuisky, Mikhail Tatishchev. The conspirators, in order not to quarrel, were ready to invite a “neutral” contender to the throne, for example, the son of Sigismund III Wladyslaw, subject to the support of the conspiracy by the Polish monarch. At dawn on May 17, the conspirators began to implement their plan. Two hundred boyars and nobles under the leadership of the Shuiskys and Golitsyns entered the Kremlin. There was a changing of the guard, and there were no more than 30 guards in the palace. The Duma clerk Osipov undertook to kill the Tsar. But before he had time to shout swear words to False Dmitry, he was hacked to death. In Moscow, meanwhile, the bells were already ringing with might and main. People screaming “The Kremlin is burning!” ran to Red Square. The Poles, sensing something was wrong, grabbed their weapons and also rushed to the Kremlin. “Lithuania wants to beat the Tsar and the boyars! Don't let them into the Kremlin! - Shuisky’s people shouted, and the Poles were pushed back. One of the conspirators shot at False Dmitry. The others attacked the wounded man and cut him to death. The dead man was torn off the royal clothes and dragged out of the Kremlin by his feet. The corpse was shown to Maria Naked, and the frightened old woman renounced her “son.” The body of the impostor was put on public display at Lobnoye Mesto. A pipe was inserted into the dead man’s mouth, and a masquerade mask, which the “pagan Grishka” allegedly worshiped, was thrown onto the ripped open stomach. People crowded around him day and night. Many people cried sincerely. A few days later, the body of the “tsar” was tied to a horse and taken out of the capital to be burned in an amusing fortress near Moscow.

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Vasily Shuisky

The murder of False Dmitry opened the way to the throne for Vasily Shuisky. On May 19, 1606, his supporters gathered the servicemen and merchants who were in Moscow for a kind of Zemsky Sobor. It was decided to elect a king at the Place of Execution in the presence of “all the people.” Vasily Shuisky was brought out to the crowd and shouted: “Is Shuisky, a sufferer for Orthodoxy, worthy to reign?” The people, bribed by the Shuiskys, shouted in approval, captivating the rest of the people with their example. The new king took the oath to his subjects. In the “cross-kissing record” he promised: not to place disgraces on anyone “without guilt”; do not take away estates from anyone without trial; do not take away property and yards from the wives, children and other relatives of the disgraced. The Boyar Duma was declared the highest judicial authority. Only she could condemn a noble man to death. The tsar could execute “black people” at his own discretion, “without boyars,” but he promised not to listen to slander and to punish false witnesses..

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Civil War

With the election of Vasily Shuisky as tsar, the turmoil did not end. In 1606-1607, an uprising took place under the leadership of Ivan Bolotnikov. It covered a huge area. The ranks of the rebels were varied, and their goals were different. The boyars were looking for ranks, power, and service people were looking for estates with serfs. Fugitives, slaves and peasants were waiting for freedom, mitigation of taxes, quitrents and other duties. The goal of the rebels was to free Moscow from the “traitor Vasily Shuisky”. In October 1606 The rebels defeated the enemy near the village of Troitskoye and occupied Kolomenskoye. The path to Moscow was open. With generous gifts, Shuisky lured the noble regiments of Lyapunov and Pashkov to his side. In October 1607 The uprising was suppressed.

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Tushino thief

In the spring of 1607, a new self-proclaimed Dmitry appeared in Belarus (he went down in history as False Dmitry II, or the Tushino thief). Apparently, the calls of Bolotnikov and “Peter Fedorovich” to send at least someone who could be passed off as Tsar Dmitry had an effect. But the sovereign was found to be some kind of inferior one. It is believed that the role of False Dmitry II was played by a wandering teacher who, out of poverty, served in a priest’s house in Mogilev. Gathering an army of Zaporozhye Cossacks and Polish nobles, False Dmitry moved towards the center of Russia. In the summer, he camped near the northwestern walls of the capital in Tushino. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, legends circulated about the generosity of the impostor. The Lithuanian magnate Jan Sapieha with mercenaries moved to False Dmitry and besieged the rich Trinity-Sergius Monastery (the siege lasted 16 months). False Dmitry II was recognized as her husband by Marina Mnishek. The province initially swore allegiance to the impostor. But False Dmitry allocated volosts for feeding the Polish companies and Cossack hundreds. Bread, belongings, horses were taken from the unfortunate residents, and great violence was committed. Faith in “good Dmitry” wavered. The population began to resist the Tushins.

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Lifting the siege from Moscow

Besieged Moscow endured cold, disease, and hunger. The people were seething. Shuisky's opponents in the capital were preparing a palace coup. Meanwhile, Moscow decided to resort to the help of Sweden, especially since the Swedish king Charles IX had repeatedly offered it. An agreement was concluded with the Swedes. A detachment of Swedish mercenaries (5 thousand people) who arrived in Novgorod, together with Russian warriors, set out on a campaign under the leadership of Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky. Skopin's army defeated the Tushins near Tver and lifted the siege from the Trinity-Sergius Monastery. On March 13, 1610, Skopin solemnly entered the capital. Skopin's victories caused panic among Tushino residents. False Dmitry fled to Kaluga. The Tushino camp collapsed. Meanwhile, Sigismund III, dissatisfied with Russia's treaty with Poland's enemy Sweden, broke the truce and started a war, besieging Smolensk (June - September 1609). Moscow honored Skopin with endless feasts. This made the king’s brother Dmitry Shuisky furious, believing that his nephew wanted to take the throne from him (Tsar Vasily had no children). At a feast at the Vorotynskys, Skopin suddenly became ill; after wandering around in delirium for two weeks, the 24-year-old governor died. In June 1610, a Polish army led by Hetman Stanislav Zolkiewski approached Moscow. Dmitry Shuisky stepped forward to meet him. On June 24, 1610, he was defeated in the battle of Klushino. Tsar Vasily lost his army. His days were numbered.

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Seven Boyars

July 17, 1610 Moscow rebelled. Tsar Vasily was deposed. On the same day he was forcibly tonsured a monk. (Subsequently, the Poles took Vasily, Dmitry and Ivan Shuisky to Poland, where the older brothers soon died.) They decided to choose a new tsar at the Zemsky Sobor - a congress of representatives of “the whole earth.” In the meantime, power passed to the Boyar Duma of seven boyars. This government went down in history under the name “Seven Boyars”. Meanwhile, Hetman Zholkiewski and False Dmitry II were advancing on Moscow with the Cossacks of Dmitry Trubetskoy and the “Lithuanian people” of Jan Sapieha. The idea of ​​​​inviting Vladislav to the Russian throne first arose among the Tushino boyars. In February 1610, they even entered into an agreement with Sigismund III that at the end of the Time of Troubles, Vladislav would become the Russian Tsar. On August 16, 1610, the Seven Boyars signed an agreement with Zholkiewski, similar to the agreement between the Tushino people and Sigismund. Russia remained an independent state. The Tsar had to rule in consultation with the Boyar Duma and the Zemsky Sobor. It was specifically stipulated that the prince would convert to the Orthodox faith. A “great embassy” headed by Filaret Romanov and Vasily Golitsyn left Moscow for Smolensk. But it was not possible to come to an agreement with Sigismund. The king did not agree to his son changing his faith and demanded the surrender of Smolensk. Romanov and Golitsyn firmly stood their ground. Negotiations have reached a dead end. The king turned the ambassadors into hostages and on November 21 began a new assault on Smolensk.

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First militia

The people did not take well the news of Vladislav's election. The authority of the “Tushino thief” began to grow again. The Seven Boyars, fearing a popular revolt in favor of False Dmitry, introduced a Polish garrison into the Kremlin and Kitai-Gorod. The capital was virtually occupied. The Polish governor Alexander Gonsevsky became its sovereign master. On December 11, 1610, not far from Kaluga, the head of the personal guard of False Dmitry II, Tatar Prince Pyotr Urusov, shot the impostor with a gun, and then cut off his head. The remnants of the Tushin troops were led by Ivan Martynovich Zarutsky. In February-March 1611 All patriotic forces united with the goal of expelling the Poles from Moscow. The Ryazan land became the center of unification. The first militia was formed here. In the spring of 1611 An advanced detachment of militias led by Prince Dmitry Pozharsky entered the capital. The Poles were forced to retreat. Then they set the city on fire and took refuge behind the stone Chinese city wall. Wooden Moscow was engulfed in fire. Residents fled the capital. The last to leave Moscow were the warriors of Dmitry Pozharsky, taking away their seriously wounded commander. The empty capital burned for another two days. On June 3, 1611, the battle for Smolensk ended. It lasted more than 20 months. Events developed like this. (message)

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Minin and Pozharsky

By the fall of 1611, Russia ceased to exist as a single state. A significant part of the territory, including Moscow, was captured by the Poles. Numerous impostors operated in the south. The Novgorod land came under Swedish rule. The situation in the northeast of the country remained more or less stable. Local nobles and townspeople ruled here - the zemshchina; they formed the so-called “second militia”. It all started with the fact that the Nizhny Novgorod zemstvo elder Kuzma had a vision. The Monk Sergius appeared to him, ordered him to collect a “treasury” for military needs and ordered him to “cleanse” the Moscow state. Minin realized that the Lord himself was protecting him. Winter was spent preparing troops and difficult negotiations with the Cossacks, who were still besieging Moscow. Zarutsky already considered himself a ruler and was not going to take into account the interests of the zemshchina. He twice sent assassins to Pozharsky and did not allow warriors from the southern cities into the location of the militia. In July 1612, the Polish king Sigismund III sent the army of Jan Chodkiewicz with food and ammunition to help his garrison in Moscow

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Liberation of Moscow

Meanwhile, the vanguard of the militia arrived in Moscow. Having learned about the approach of the militia, Zarutsky and his Cossacks left for Kolomna. The militia set up a camp on the left bank of the Moscow River, near the Arbat Gate. Khodkevich appeared on August 22. From the Kremlin, emboldened nobles shouted to Pozharsky: “Disband your warriors to the plows!” Polish hussars crossed the Moscow River at the Novodevichy Convent. Pozharsky attacked them. The fierce battle went on all day. The militia were forced to retreat to the Chertol Gate. But by evening, hundreds of nobles from the right bank of the Moscow River came to the aid of Pozharsky, who pushed Khodkevich away from Kitay-Gorod. On August 23, 1612, the Poles tried to break into the Kremlin from Zamoskvorechye. But Pozharsky figured out their maneuver and sent part of the militia to the right bank of the Moscow River. The enemy was stopped. The battle resumed at dawn on August 24. Pozharsky's horse hundreds entered into battle with the hussars. Khodkevich's army retreated to the Donskoy Monastery. And on August 25, without resuming the battle, it went to Lithuania. After Chodkiewicz left, the Polish garrison in Moscow was doomed. However, the siege continued until October 1612. 1.5 thousand Poles died of hunger. On October 22, the Cossacks took Kitay-Gorod by storm. On October 26, the Kremlin garrison surrendered to the mercy of the victors.

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National Unity Day

In the face of the threat of the death of the state, the population of Russia was able to unite, feel like a single people, and gain the consciousness that only together they can repel the aggressor. The turning point of resistance to the Polish army was October 25 (November 4, new style) 1612. Militia fighters led by Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky took Kitay-Gorod by storm. Prince Pozharsky entered Kitai-Gorod with the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and vowed to build a temple in memory of this victory. In 1636, in Moscow, in honor of the miraculous deliverance from the Polish invasion, the Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was erected and consecrated. In memory of the events of 1612, the State Duma of the Russian Federation in 2004 decided to introduce a new public holiday - National Unity Day and declare November 4 a day off.

National Unity Day is celebrated as a major public holiday throughout the great Russia on October 4. The presentation tells about the history of this holiday, which has more than one century behind it. His main date of birth is called 1612, when Minin and Pozharsky organized the people to defend the city of Moscow and the entire Russian land. In unity they defeated the enemy. This and other historical facts are described in a presentation that can be downloaded from the website for free and shown to schoolchildren on National Unity Day.

Do not forget the holidays that are associated with the history of the people. They should be proud. Children need to be raised on them as they grow up. For a long time this date was forgotten in Russia. It's time to revive the holiday and talk about this topic. Since 2005, Unity Day in Russia has been a great day worthy of veneration of glorious people and the icon of the Kazan Mother of God.

The presentation will tell students from grades 5 to 9 about the history of the Unity Day holiday. At such an event, it is possible to develop in students both a patriotic feeling of love for the Motherland and an awareness of the need to be prepared to defend our country from any aggressor.

The presentation slides telling the history of Unity Day are filled with historical information and documentary photographs, pictures that characterize this event:

• Start
• The first militia in Ryazan in 1611
• Second militia in Nizhny Novgorod
• Liberation of Moscow
• The first monument in Moscow to Minin and Pozharsky
• Revival of the holiday
• People's Unity Day since 2005 (November 4)
• Tolerance (concept)

You can download the presentation on the theme of National Unity Day not only for class hours, but also for history lessons and the surrounding world.

Scenario and presentation for a class hour on National Unity Day. The purpose of the event is to explain to schoolchildren the significance and meaning of the new holiday in the Russian Federation, and to foster patriotism.

Presentation for a class hour on National Unity Day. Contains historical information, information about the origin of the holiday, and a quiz. Introduces students to architecture and painting.

The material contains a script and presentation for a class hour on National Unity Day in primary school. It develops in schoolchildren a sense of patriotism and love for the Motherland, an interest in the history of Russia, and forms a sense of responsibility for their country.

Presentation for a class hour dedicated to National Unity Day. Students will learn about the Time of Troubles, about the struggle against the invaders, about Minin and Pozharsky.

A presentation for class on the topic “Unity is our strength” was made by a primary school teacher. It will definitely appeal to students in grades 1 - 4. This work will help organize a lesson in acquiring new knowledge. The lesson is proposed to be held in the form of a concert. A slide show can be organized throughout the lesson, gradually revealing the topic stated above. The resource proposed for use will tell schoolchildren about the history of the National Unity Day holidays. Properly selected material will allow the teacher to instill in children the basic ideas about the events that occurred in 1612 and talk about their further significance for Russia. Aphorisms of great people, excerpts from the story “Ivan Susanin” and poems about our Motherland will help instill in schoolchildren patriotic principles and a sense of pride in their people.

The slides have a lot of visual images, there are lyrics of popular songs and beautiful poems from Russia. The show also includes photos from the lesson, which show the children’s keen interest in the proposed topic. 12 slides will help reveal it.

The presentation reveals the most pressing topic of today. Schoolchildren will talk about the fact that one cannot live separately, that one must preserve those friendly ties that have been created over the years. It is very easy to destroy, but in difficult moments you have to seek help from those closest to you, so it is not for nothing that people say that our strength is in unity. These words became the motto of a lesson or class hour, which must be taught in primary grades (1 - 4).

A travel form is offered for the lesson. Children hit the road and stop at the following stations:

1. Olympic Games;
2. Slavic writing;
3. Crimea and Sevastopol.

Each stop once again proves that at all times people were friendly, they respected their roots. We cannot be separated even today, because if we lose connections, we will lose our strength.

The presentation talks about the complexities of national relations in the modern world. It is especially difficult to build them in large states where hundreds of nationalities live. However, we should not feel inconvenienced by this; on the contrary, being together makes us stronger. It is this topic “There is strength in unity” that the teacher will reveal during a thematic class hour, which is recommended to be conducted using an electronic resource in grades 5-7.

12 slides will fill the lesson with warmth and kindness, sow the sprouts of friendship and hope, because in this lesson (class hour) we will talk about the most sacred:

• nations;
• nationality;
• nationalism;
• patriotism;
• tolerance;
• National Unity Day.

The presentation was prepared for a unified all-Kuban class hour at school on September 1, 2015 on the topic “Our strength is in unity.” The work includes exactly 13 slides, on which are portraits of famous people - natives of the Kuban land. Each of them made their small contribution to ensuring that today Kuban is a happy, prosperous region.

In the photo in front of the schoolchildren are outstanding Kuban Cossacks: Ataman Golovaty, Stepanova, who did not receive her sons from the war, collector Kovalenko, the Kirlian spouses. Pustovoit,. Khanzhiyan, Zakharchenko, Zhigulenko, Lukyanenko, Rossinsky, Obraztsov, Gorbatko. This list could be much longer and, if necessary, the teacher can continue it at his own discretion, adding photos of fellow countrymen.

Inserting a picture

Class hour in primary school

Pilipenko Lyudmila Nikolaevna

teacher of MKOU "Plodovskaya Secondary School"

Bakhchisarai district of the Republic of Crimea

There's no arguing with history Live with history She unites For feat and for work

One state When the people are united When great power He moves forward.

For the glory of those heroes We live by one destiny Today is Unity Day We celebrate with you!

National Unity Day .

For the first time in Russia this new national holiday was celebrated

From the history

400 years ago at the beginning of the 17th century, Russia began Great Troubles . This was the name given to the alarming time of crop failures, famine, unrest and uprisings.

The king died. Without the king, unrest began. Immediately two years in a row there were poor harvests, and famine began in the country. Many wanted to take the Russian throne in these difficult years for everyone. Taking advantage of this, the troops of the Polish and Swedish kings invaded Russian lands. A mortal danger looms over the country.

But always, when the Motherland is in danger, there are heroic people

Merchant Kuzma Minin And voivode Dmitry Pozharsky

collected

civil uprising .

The Russian people decided to unite as one to expel enemies from their native land.

A huge crowd filled the Cathedral Square in Nizhny Novgorod.

Headman Kuzma Minin addressed the townspeople:

- Brothers! We won't regret anything!

- We will give everything we own to save the Motherland.

Stopped at Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky. Pozharsky was a capable, intelligent military leader, an honest and fair man. The prince agreed to lead the troops, but on the condition that Minin would take care of the economy of the militia and its treasury.

A miraculous image was sent from Kazan to the militia, which was headed by Prince Pozharsky. Holy Mother of God.

The entire people and militia turned in prayer to the Lord and His Most Pure Mother for heavenly help. And the prayer was answered.

The army led by Dmitry Pozharsky moved towards Moscow.

The entire Russian land stood up against the invaders and traitors. The battles for Moscow began.

Prince Pozharsky turned out to be a talented commander.

And Kuzma Minin, not sparing his life, fought under the walls of the capital.

Expulsion of Poles from the Kremlin

In memory of the liberation of Moscow from the Poles, it was built in Moscow with the money of D. Pozharsky Kazan Cathedral , in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God.

“To Citizen Minin and Prince Pozharsky

grateful Russia"

November 4 – this is the day of unity of all Russian peoples; November 4 - this is the day of saving Russia from the greatest danger that has ever threatened it; November 4 – This is a revived holiday with its own history. November 4 - this is the day of remembrance of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God .

List of used literature and Internet resources

• http://festival.1september.ru/articles/632888/
• http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%E5%ED%FC_%ED%E0%F0%EE%E4%ED%EE%E3%EE_%E5%E4%E8%ED%F1%F2 %E2%E0
• http://bezformata.ru/content/Images/000/028/279/image28279624.jpg _slide_1
• http://www.bochkavpechatleniy.com/data/photo/4582/3aca136fe1d40ad3e1ce8de7f56570e7_original.jpg _slide_5
• http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/1/55/453/55453582_Vozzvanie_Kuzmuy_Minina_k_nizhegorodcam_v_1611_godu.jpg_slide_6
• http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/1/50/769/50769695_minin.jpg _sl_7
• http://itoc.su/wp-content/uploads/minin-novgorod-narod.jpg _slide_8
• http://www.oboznik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/112.jpg_slide_9
• http://www.stoletie.ru/upload/iblock/47b/16.jpg_Thumbnail0.jpg_slide_10
• http://www.cirota.ru/forum/images/109/109944.jpeg_slide_11

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Tsars are impostors Unexpectedly, a fugitive monk Grigory Otrepiev appeared in Lithuania and called himself Tsarevich Dmitry, who miraculously escaped! The Polish king recognized him and gave him an army to win back his “father’s” throne. Boris Godunov did not have time to restore order in the country: he died. My heart failed me. Or did your conscience torture you?.. Without waiting for the Polish army to approach, the boyars dealt with the children of Boris Godunov: they killed their son Fyodor, and imprisoned their daughter Ksenia in a monastery. The Pretender has reigned in Moscow. This Pretender - he remained in history as False Dmitry I - turned out to be a good sovereign. The Poles and boyars were prevented from ruining Rus'. That's why they killed him, replacing him with another - an insignificant one, who also called himself Tsarevich Dmitry. And then he decided to place the Polish prince Vladislav on the Moscow throne. They sent ambassadors to the Polish king Sigismund. And he declared: “I myself will sit on the throne in Moscow. Rus' will become part of the Polish kingdom!” Then the patience of the people came to an end.

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National unity Ryazan resident Prokopiy Lyapunov gathered a militia and moved towards Moscow. The Poles and traitor boyars were frightened and drew up a letter with the order to disband the militia. And they went to Patriarch Hermogenes: “You are the most important in the Russian church. The people will listen to you. Sign the letter!” The patriarch refused and called on the Russian people to oppose the invaders. Lyapunov's militia was small and could not take Moscow. But the patriarch’s call spread throughout all Russian cities. They also heard it in Nizhny Novgorod. The local merchant Kozma Minin was the first to give all his wealth to the militia. The inhabitants of Nizhny gathered a large army. It was headed by Prince Dmitry Pozharsky. The militia moved towards Moscow and grew by leaps and bounds along the way. People flocked from everywhere. And in Moscow, the Poles again demanded from the patriarch: “Order the militia, let them disperse!” “May God’s mercy and our blessing be upon them!” answered Hermogenes. “Let the traitors be cursed both in this century and in the future.”

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Monument to Minin and Pozharsky The monument to Minin and Pozharsky by the sculptor I. P. Martos (1752 - 1835) is one of the most famous monuments in Moscow. It was created from 1804 to 1815. on public donations and was installed on February 20, 1918 (old style) on Red Square opposite the entrance to the Upper Trading Rows. The sculptor depicts the moment when Kuzma Minin, pointing his hand towards Moscow, hands Prince Pozharsky an ancient sword and calls on him to stand at the head of the Russian army. Leaning on the shield, the wounded governor rises from his bed, which symbolizes the awakening of national self-awareness in a difficult hour for the Fatherland. On the pedestal of the monument, decorated with two bas-reliefs, there is an inscription: “To Prince Pozharsky and citizen Minin, grateful Russia. 1818.” In 1930, it was decided to move the sculpture so that it would not interfere with parades. From this time to the present day, the first monument in Moscow is located at the Intercession Cathedral (St. Basil's Cathedral).

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Day of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God The celebration of the Most Holy Theotokos on November 4, in honor of Her icon, called "Kazan", was established on this day in gratitude for the deliverance of Moscow and all of Russia from the invasion of the Poles in 1612. A miraculous image of the Blessed Virgin Mary was sent from Kazan to the militia, which was headed by Prince Pozharsky. Knowing that the disaster was allowed due to sins, the entire people and militia imposed a three-day fast on themselves and prayerfully turned to the Lord and His Most Pure Mother for heavenly help. And the prayer was answered. Open the doors of mercy to us, Most Blessed Mother of us all, Mother of God. Let those who trust in You not perish, but let us be delivered from troubles by You, for You are the salvation of the Christian race!..

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Quiz questions 1. What was the name of the state that interfered in Russian affairs during the Time of Troubles? 2. Who led the first militia of 1611? 3. What historical event occurred on November 4 (October 22, old style) 1612? 4. Who owns the words of the appeal: “...if we want to help the Moscow State, we will not spare our bellies, and not just our bellies, and sell our yards, and mortgage our wives and children...”? 5. Name the city in which the militia of Minin and Pozharsky stopped for several months to be replenished with newly arrived forces before the march on Moscow. 6. Which of the contenders for the Moscow throne was called the “Tushino thief”? 7. In gratitude for the help and intercession, Prince Pozharsky, at his own expense, built a wooden cathedral in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God in the 20s of the 17th century. What Temple are we talking about? 8. What event is associated with the end of the Time of Troubles in Rus'? 9. In what year was the Celebration in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary first established on November 4? 10. What is the name of the public holiday that we celebrate on November 4?

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“Over the centuries, the Russian people have repeatedly faced difficult trials. But every time we found the strength to gather ourselves, to unite in love for the Fatherland, in trust in God, in fidelity to the traditional spiritual values ​​bequeathed by our ancestors. In order to overcome adversity, to defend our independence and statehood. “Over the centuries, the Russian people have repeatedly faced difficult trials. But each time we found the strength to gather ourselves, to unite in love for the Fatherland, in trust in God, in fidelity to the traditional spiritual values ​​bequeathed by our ancestors. In order to overcome adversity, to defend our independence and statehood. This is the great spiritual feat of our people. This is his strength. This is his future!”