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Journal articles on the topic of modern soil science. Soil science and agrochemistry: scientific journal

Soil science- Russian scientific journal on soil science, publishing articles on all topics related to the study of soils. The magazine covers news, publications and the state of affairs in soil science societies, as well as issues in the history of soil science.

Story

The journal was created on the initiative of V.V. Dokuchaev by his students; it played a special role in disseminating the ideas of the Dokuchaev school of soil science in Russia and abroad. It became the first publication in the world to comprehensively cover all problems of soil science.

The decision to publish the journal “Pochvovedenie” (Russian doref. soil science) was made on December 16, 1898. The Soil Commission (founded in 1888) of the Imperial Free Economic Society (IVEO) considered the message about the allocation of 600 rubles by the First Branch of the IVEO for the publication of the journal and discussed its organization.

The first editor of the magazine was elected - P. V. Ototsky, and an editorial committee to head the departments of the magazine consisting of: N. P. Adamov, P. F. Barakov, N. A. Bogoslovsky, K. D. Glinka, P. A. Zamyatchensky, D. O. Ivanovsky, P. S. Kossovich, N. M. Sibirtsev, G. I. Tanfilyev and A. R. Ferkhmin.

At the Second International Conference of Soil Scientists (Stockholm, 1910), it was decided to transform the journal into an international body and publish it in two languages: Russian and one of the Western European languages ​​(French, German or English).

From 1917 to 1924, the magazine was not published, since P.V. Ototsky went on a scientific trip to Sweden to collect material on the problem of “Forest and Groundwater” and did not return after the revolution.

In 1923, at the First All-Union Congress of Soil Scientists, a decision was made to resume publication of the journal. A. A. Yarilov was elected editor of the new series of the magazine, the editorial board included: V. V. Gemmerling, K. D. Glinka, N. A. Dimo, A. A. Krasyuk, S. S. Neustruev, A. N. . Sokolovsky and M. M. Filatov.

In 1927, at the 4th All-Union Congress of Soil Scientists, Soviet soil scientists were allowed to join the International Association of Soil Scientists (IAP). The Soviet section of the MAP, which adopted a resolution to publish the magazine since 1928 in Russian and one of the foreign languages ​​(English, German or French).

In 1939, the journal was transferred to the USSR Academy of Sciences and became an academic publication.

Editorial

Frequency of magazine printing

(issues/books per year):

  • 1899-1917 - 4
  • 1924-1930 - 6 (new series)
  • 1930-1936 - 6
  • 1937-1946 - 7/12
  • from 1946 - 12 (or monthly)
Editors-in-Chief

The journal Soil Science publishes original articles devoted to global and regional theoretical and experimental research on the problems of genesis, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, use, protection and restoration of soils.

Archive of scientific articles from the journal "Soil Science"

  • AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF HUMUS SUBSTANCES IN TUndra SOILS

    BEZNOSIKOV V.A., VASILEVICH R.S. - 2015

    The amino acid fragments of the peripheral part of the molecules of humic and fulvic acids in tundra soils have been identified and quantified. A significant mass fraction of amino acids in humic acid preparations has been established, exceeding their content in fulvic acids. Regularities in the amino acid composition of humic substances have been identified according to the soil profile and depending on the degree of hydromorphism and differences in the relative mole fractions of amino acid groups (neutral, basic, acidic, cyclic). The ratio of the mole fraction of hydroxy- and heterocyclic amino acids reflects the degree of soil humification.

  • ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF SOIL MAPS IN THE SYSTEM OF RETROSPECTIVE MONITORING OF THE CONDITION OF LAND AND SOIL COVER

    BRYZZHEV A.V., VILCHEVSKAYA E.V., DOLININA E.A., KALININA N.V., KOROLEVA P.V., KULYANITSA A.L., RUKHOVICH D.I., RUKHOVICH S.V., SIMAKOVA M. .WITH. - 2015

    The results of the second stage of work on the creation of a problem-oriented system for retrospective monitoring of soil and land cover (RMLPS) in the Azov district of the Rostov region are presented. input of archival soil maps into the RMPZP system. The development of the RMPZP and the creation of land cover maps were carried out at the first stage of work. An analysis of soil maps created earlier for the study area was carried out. The analysis revealed the need to separate the concepts of “topographic accuracy of soil maps” and their “thematic accuracy”. The high information content of large-scale soil maps for the purposes of retrospective monitoring when used by an expert in manual mode is shown. The problems of using archival soil maps in automated systems are identified and the need for their transformation is substantiated to increase both their topographic and thematic accuracy. The areas of participation of soil differences in the dynamics of land cover were calculated. The reasons that reduce the accuracy of calculations are indicated.

  • ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SOIL COVER IN THE SOUTH OF PRIMORYE BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE KOMAROVKA RIVER BASIN

    BUGAETS A.N., GARTSMAN B.I., KRASNOPEEV S.M., PSHENICHNIKOVA N.F., TERESHKINA A.A. - 2015

    Using digital cartography methods, a digital relief model and a soil map at a scale of 1: 50,000 of the river basin were created on a single topographic basis. Komarovka (Primorsky Territory). The basic units of a soil map are species. The soil map legend is based on the regional G.I. classification. Ivanov, which is based on an approach based on dividing soils according to the nature of water exchange. The analysis was carried out sequentially for soils of mountainous, then flat and floodplain landscapes. Using algorithms for processing digital terrain models and overlay functions of geographic information systems, the calculation of the main numerical characteristics of the morphometric parameters of the relief (height, steepness and curvature of the surface) was carried out within the areas of the main types of soils in the study area, which were compared with the main characteristics of the soil cover to search for stable combinations, explaining the relative location of soil areas in space. The results obtained made it possible to identify the leading relief elements that determine the spatial differentiation of the soil cover.

  • BASAL RESPIRATION AND COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL BIOMASS OF VIRGIN, AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST RELATED SEMI-DESERT SOILS OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION

    PRIKHODKO V.E., SIZEMSKAYA M.L. - 2015

    Virgin, agro- and forest-reclaimed semi-desert soils of the Northern Caspian region were studied on the territory of the Dzhanybek station of the Institute of Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The values ​​of Cmic and basal respiration of soils in individual plots varied significantly. In the 010 cm layer, the basal respiration rate was 0.282.44 µg CO2/(g h), the minimum values ​​are typical for arable soils of the interstrip space, the maximum values ​​are for meadow-chestnut soils of meso-depressions under forest plantations with a strong zoogenic influence. The Cmic content increased from 415 to 1388 μg C/g of soil in the series: virgin solonetz agroforestry soils virgin meadow-chestnut soils = their forest analogues. The fungi/bacteria ratio was 1.33.0, the fungal component of the soils reached 5385% of Cmic, and its absolute values ​​increased from 236 to 1040 μg C/g in the same soil sequence. A correlation between the value of Corg and basal respiration and Corg with Cmic (r = 0.89 and 0.87) and basal respiration with Cmic (r = 0.89) was established. The proportion of Cmic in Corg was 3.28.6, the minimum value was noted for virgin solonetz and meadow-chestnut soil under forest plantations with a strong zoogenic influence. The qCO2 values ​​(the ratio of basal respiration to Cmic) were 0.72 µg CO2/(g h). During the afforestation of soils of natural and artificial meso-depressions, in comparison with virgin analogues, activation of the microbial community and humus formation processes was noted, and in forest-reclaimed solonetzes and meadow-chestnut soils of microdepressions, instability of microbiological processes and a decrease in Corg content as a result of deep plowing and a reduction in the supply of plant residues during maintenance were revealed. unoccupied fallow between forest belts.

  • BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IN SOILS OF CRYPTOGAMIC WASTELESSES OF EAST ANTARCTICA (LARSEMANN OASIS AND THAL HILLS)

    DOLGIKH A.V., KUDINOVA A.G., LYSAK L.V., MERGELOV N.S., SOINA V.S., SHORKUNOV I.G. - 2015

    A comprehensive study of bacterial communities in the soils of the cryptogamic heaths of the oases of East Antarctica (Larsemann and Tala Hills) was carried out. It was shown that the total number of bacteria in the studied soils did not exceed 108 cells/g, which is an order of magnitude lower than the values ​​usually recorded in soils of temperate latitudes. The proportion of viable cells is 60% or more, which indicates the high resistance of bacteria to the effects of unfavorable environmental factors. The maximum numbers and viability of bacteria were observed in the fine earth directly under the stone pavement. For the first time, a high content of filterable forms of bacteria was revealed; in some horizons their share reaches 70–80% of the total number of detected cells. Data on the significant numbers and viability, phylogenetic and morphological diversity of filterable forms of bacteria give grounds to consider them a pool of cells that allows bacteria to persist in unfavorable environmental conditions. The concentration and reserves of bacterial biomass in the studied soils are significantly lower than in zonal soils of the temperate zone. Bacterial communities in the studied soils combine high resistance to extreme environmental conditions (expressed in a significant proportion of viable cells, the formation of nanoforms, as well as the inclusion of bacteria in subaerial biofilms) with low total numbers and biomass.

  • BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES OF FRUITING BODIES OF SOIL BASIDIOMYCETES

    ZAGRYADSKAYA Y.A., LYSAK L.V., CHERNOV I.YU. - 2015

    It has been shown that the fruiting bodies of basidiomycetes at different stages of decomposition in the forest biocenosis are a specific habitat for bacteria that differ significantly in the number and abundance of individual genera of bacteria. A significant increase in the total number of bacteria (direct microscopic method of acridine orange staining) and the number of saprotrophic bacteria (inoculated on a glucose-peptone-yeast medium) in the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycetes Armillaria mellea and Coprinus comatus at the final stage of decomposition compared to the initial stage of development was revealed. At all stages of decomposition, gram-negative bacteria dominated in the tissues of fruiting bodies, represented at the final stages of decomposition by the genera Aeromonas, Vibrio and Pseudomonas (fruiting bodies of A. mellea) and the genus Pseudomonas (C. comatus). The possibility of the influence of bacterial communities of fruiting bodies of ground basidiomycetes on the formation of bacterial communities of the upper soil horizon in a forest biocenosis is discussed. Loci associated with the development and decomposition of fruiting bodies of basidiomycetes on the soil surface are promising for the targeted search for gram-negative bacteria, important objects of biotechnology.

  • BARIUM IN COMPONENTS OF LANDSCAPES OF WESTERN TRANSBAIKALIA

    KASHIN V.K. - 2015

    The content of barium in soil-forming rocks, soils and plants of forest-steppe, steppe and dry-steppe landscapes of Transbaikalia was studied. The average barium content in rocks and soils is 1.82.1 times higher than their clarke values. A positive correlation was revealed between the barium content in soils, soil-forming rocks and vegetation and the absence of a connection with pH and humus content. The spatial and profile distribution of barium in soils was determined. According to the coefficient of biological absorption by plants from mineral soils, barium is assigned to the group of weak accumulation 0.55-0.65, and on alluvial-boggy soil strong accumulation 6.0. The average content of barium in steppe, meadow and cultivated vegetation is 1.82.3 times higher than its average content in the vegetation of the continents. The involvement of barium in the biological migration of vegetation is most intense in meadow landscapes and minimal in steppe landscapes.

  • VARIATION OF MICROMORPHOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF PORES STRUCTURE IN LOAMY SOILS OF THE SOUTHERN TAIGA AND FOREST-STEPPE OF THE EUROPEAN TERRITORY OF RUSSIA

    DMITRENKO V.N., ROZHKOV V.A., SKVORTSOVA E.B., TYUGAI Z.N., KHOKHLOV S.F., SHCHEPOTYEV V.N. - 2015

    In development of the ideas of G.V. Dobrovolsky on the spatial variability of microscopic soil characteristics, the intrahorizon and profile variability of the structural indicators of pores d = 0.2 x 2.0 mm visible in thin sections was studied in trenches 4 m long and 1.5 x 1.8 m deep, laid on virgin soddy-podzolic and gray forest soils of the Moscow and Tula regions Russia. It has been shown that most micromorphometric indicators of soil pores have medium and high intrahorizon variability (variation coefficient V = 1133%). Minimal variation is typical for the value of the average pore shape factor in thin sections (V = 514%), which indicates the intrahorizon stability of the shape of the soil pore space. A comparison was made of profile variations in the geometric parameters of pores in the studied soils. As an additional characteristic, the variation of pore parameters within thin sections as individual objects of study is considered.

  • THE CONTRIBUTION OF ABIOTIC FACTORS TO THE INCREASED CO2 EMISSION FROM SOILS DURING FREEZING-THAWING PROCESSES

    KURGANOVA I.N., LOPEZ DE GERENU V.O. - 2015

    As part of a laboratory experiment on the example of loessified brown soil (Haplic Luvisols) under forest and agricultural vegetation, three successive freeze-thaw cycles (FTC) were carried out in order to assess the contribution of physicochemical factors to the increase in CO2 emission from soils during their freezing and subsequent thawing. The use of native soils and their sterilized analogues, which make it possible to exclude the influence of biotic factors, for the first time made it possible to quantitatively describe the occurrence of physicochemical processes during the CZO. It was revealed that the ratio of factors of biotic and physicochemical nature during the processes of freezing and thawing largely depended on the pH of the soil solution of the studied soils. Thus, during freezing in forest soil with low pH values ​​of 3.94.1, the share of physicochemical factors was small and amounted to 1.39.4%, while in neutral arable soils the share of physicochemical processes accounted for at least 52%, indicating about the prevailing participation of these processes in CO2 emission fluxes from arable soils during freezing. During thawing, insignificant CO2 absorption processes were observed in forest soils, which, according to our estimates, amounted to only 2.3–3.6% in the total CO2 flux from soils, confirming the biotic nature of bursts of CO2 emission during thawing of acidic forest soils. In arable soils, along with increased CO2 emission from soils caused by increased activity of the microbial community, the participation of physicochemical processes during thawing was very significant and amounted to 17-20% of the total CO2 flux released during thawing.

  • INFLUENCE OF FE(III) ON OIL BIODEGRADATION IN WATERWET SOILS AND SEDIMENTS

    VODYANITSKY Y.N., TROFIMOV S.Y., SHOBA S.A. - 2015

    The process of self-purification of soils from oil is slow, especially in the north, where hydromorphic conditions and low temperatures prevail. The oxidation of oil hydrocarbons depends on the type of electron acceptors and decreases in the following order: denitrification > Mn4+ reduction > Fe3+ reduction > sulfate reduction > methanogenesis. Typically, not all of the listed redox reactions occur in contaminated waterlogged soils and sediments. Fe reduction and methanogenesis occur most often: methanogenesis occurs near the source of pollution, in less polluted places the process of Fe(III) reduction develops; Fe reduction prevents methanogenesis. In areas of oil pollution, Fe reduction and sulfate reduction are also combined, the latter activating Fe reduction due to the formation of iron sulfides. Simultaneously with the degradation of oil in waterlogged soils and sediments, the composition of iron compounds changes due to an increase in the proportion of Fe(II): magnetite is formed, siderite and ferrocalcite are also formed in carbonate deposits, and iron sulfides are formed in S-containing environments.

  • INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL-HUMUS PREPARATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND HEAVY METALS

    KOZLOVA E.N., LYSAK L.V., STEPANOV A.L. - 2015

    The effect of bacterial-humus preparations based on “Humigel” (LLC “Agrosintez”) on the biological activity of sod-podzolic soil contaminated with Pb(CH3COO)2 and gasoline was studied in a model experiment. It has been shown that individual indicators of biological activity depend to varying degrees on soil pollution. To a greater extent, Pb(CH3COO)2 and gasoline inhibited the process of nitrogen fixation and the activity of the enzymes dehydrogenase and phosphatase. Gasoline pollution inhibited biological activity to a greater extent than Pb(CH3COO)2. Bacterial-humus preparations had a significant positive effect on the biological activity of contaminated soils, which was manifested in an increase in the total number of bacteria and enzyme activity (1.55 times), increased nitrogen fixation and denitrification (38 times), as well as an increase in the biomass of grown plants ( 1.52 times). The use of bacterial suspensions of pure cultures and a microbial complex without humic acid preparation did not always give a positive effect.

  • INFLUENCE OF BACTERIA BACILLUS SUBTILIS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF WHEAT PLANTS AND SOIL MICROBOCENOSIS WHEN USING DIFFERENT DOSES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS

    VOROBYEV N.I., MOISEEV K.G., PISHCHIK V.N., SVIRIDOVA O.V., SURIN V.G. - 2015

    We studied the effect of inoculation with bacteria Bacillus subtilis pcs. No. 2 (hereinafter referred to as B. subtilis 2) and the physical properties of the soil on the physiological state of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) and soil microbial cenosis when using different doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Under field conditions, the physiological state of plants was assessed by the optical vegetation index. It was found that: 1 - the effectiveness of the action of B. subtilis 2 bacteria on plants decreased with increasing doses of fertilizers and increasing soil density; 2 - inoculation of plants with bacteria contributed to increasing the resistance of the plant-microbial system to the adverse effects of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers due to the rearrangement of bacteria in root ecological niches; 3 - the greatest agronomic efficiency of using nitrogen fertilizers was revealed when plants were inoculated with bacteria B. subtilis 2 and a dose of nitrogen fertilizers was 120 kg/ha.

  • INFLUENCE OF BIOCAR ON THE PROPERTIES OF SAMPLES OF SODDRY-PODZOLIC SANDY LOAM SOIL WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF CULTIVATION (LABORATORY EXPERIMENT)

    BALASHOV E.V., BELINETS A.S., BUCHKINA N.P., MUKHINA I.M., RIZHIYA E.Y. - 2015

    In a 60-day laboratory experiment, we studied the effect of biochar on the properties of the arable horizon of soddy-podzolic sandy loam soil of varying degrees of cultivation. It was established that the addition of biochar led to a significant increase in soil moisture in the range of moisture potentials from -5 to -50 kPa, a significant decrease in the total shrinkage of highly cultivated soil after three cycles of wetting-drying, and the accumulation of a significantly greater amount of nitrates in the soil. At a moisture content of 21%, less favorable conditions for the development of the denitrification process were formed in soil with a high degree of cultivation than in soil with an average degree of cultivation, which led to lower cumulative N2O emissions from highly cultivated soil. The addition of biochar to the studied soils did not cause significant changes in the cumulative CO2 emission, but led to a significant decrease in N2O emission from soils when biochar and clover residues were added together.

  • INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON THE ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF CARBONATE CHERNOZEM AND SOYBEAN PRODUCTIVITY IN THE RHIZOSPHERIC PART OF THE SOIL

    BYZGAN Y.V., VOZIYAN V.I., DARABAN O.V., EMNOVA E.E., TOMA S.I., YAKOBUTSA M.D. - 2015

    Three varieties of soybeans (Glycine max Merr.) Aura, Magic and Indra were grown in a small-plot field experiment on carbonate chernozem with the addition of two types of nitrogen fertilizers (20 kg N/ha) before sowing: ammonium nitrate (Naa) or urea (Nm), both together with potassium phosphate at the rate of 60 kg P2O5/ha. We measured microbial nitrifying ability and enzymatic activity associated with the nitrogen cycle (urease, nitrate reductase) in the rhizosphere part of the soil (020 cm) in the soybean flowering phase. A more intense biological (enzymatic) activity of carbonate chernozem in the soybean rhizosphere was established when applying Naa fertilizer in comparison with Nm. Urease activity under conditions of lack of moisture depended on the type of nitrogen fertilizer (Nm or Naa). In the soil under the Aura variety, which reduced productivity when Nm was added, a significantly lower value of urease activity was noted compared to the Naa variant. The nitrifying ability of carbonate chernozem was quantitatively small, and with the addition of Nm it was significantly less than with the use of Naa. Nitrate reductase activity of the soil was also lower. Each of the three soybean varieties responded differently to the tactics of exogenous correction of nitrogen nutrition in order to increase their tolerance to fluctuations in soil moisture content throughout the growing season.

  • INFLUENCE OF WATER REPELLENCY ABILITY OF SOIL ON THE STABILITY OF CULTIVATED SOIL AGGREGATES IN MODEL IRRIGATION EXPERIMENTS

    KORENKOVA L., MATUSH P. - 2015

    The stability of soil aggregates is an important indicator of the physical quality of the soil. For the purposes of this study, it was assumed that specific soil properties such as water repellency influence the degree of soil aggregation and the stability of soil aggregates. Immediately after sampling, the water repellency of three soils was determined; after drying in air for a week, two of them demonstrated resistance to the penetration of a drop of water placed on the soil surface (WDPT test). The stability of soil aggregates of different granulometric compositions with a size of 0.25 x 0.5 mm, selected from the surface layers (from a depth of 5 x 15 cm) of six soils of agricultural land, was studied. The technique involves studying the direct effects of water droplets. The results obtained showed that the stability of soil aggregates increases in the following series: containing coatings Luvisol (Siltic)< Haplic Chernozem < Calcic Fluvisol (Humic) < Pellic Vertisol (Mollic, Grumic) < Calcaric Fluvisol (Humic) < Eutric Gleyic Fluvisol. Постепенное улучшение устойчивости почвенных агрегатов может объясняться увеличением содержания органического вещества почвы и его гидрофобных свойств. Хотя водоотталкивающая способность чаще отмечалась в почвах под лесами и травяным покровом, полученные результаты подтвердили, что окультуренные почвы также могут создавать водоустойчивые агрегаты, особенно в случае, когда такие свойства проявляет их органическое вещество в специфических условиях влажности.

  • INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION EROSION ON SOIL DEGRADATION IN RIVER VALLEYS IN THE HIGH MOUNTAIN BELT OF THE PAMIRS

    The results of a study of arable high-mountain rocky soils of the river valleys are analyzed. Gunta and the upper reaches of the river. Pyanj, located in various parts of the Western Pamirs. The physicochemical properties of soils were studied using a set of traditional methods, while the rate of soil degradation was determined using the radiocesium method. Low humus content was revealed (<2.5%) и питательных веществ в почвах исследованных днищ речных долин, что в первую очередь связано с естественными условиями почвообразования. Лимитирующую роль играют температурный режим и количество атмосферных осадков. Ирригационная эрозия, проявляющаяся при уклонах поливной борозды >2°3°, is the main anthropogenic factor of soil degradation. Lower humus content in the soils of the river valley. Pyandzh is due to the large distribution of irrigation furrows with slopes >3°, at which the rate of irrigation erosion reaches maximum values ​​exceeding 30 t/ha per year.

  • INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND LIME ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF HUMIC ACIDS IN SODD-PODZOL HEAVY LOAM SOIL OF THE CIS-URALS

    ZAVYALOVA N.E. - 2015

    Using the methods of elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry, the composition and structure of humic acids in soddy-podzolic heavy loamy soil (Retisol) of the Cis-Urals was studied under long-term use of mineral fertilizers and lime. It was established that mineral fertilizers and liming did not change the content limits of C, H, O, N and the general principles of structure characteristic of humic acids in soddy-podzolic soils. With prolonged anthropogenic impact on the soil, some changes in the composition and properties of humic acids are observed. In the infrared spectra of humic acids in soil limed to 1.0 hydrolytic acidity, clear absorption bands were revealed in the region of 1700 cm-1 (C=O carbonyl group) and at 1620 cm-1 (C=C aromatic rings), which characterize the benzenoid structures of the molecules. Soil liming contributed to the accumulation of thermodynamically stable fragments of the central part of humic acid molecules and the destruction of peripheral radicals. The mineral fertilizer system led to the enrichment of humic acids with aliphatic structural components. The addition of lime together with NPK led to an increase in the proportion of aromatic structures and the enrichment of humic acids with aliphatic fragments that are less resistant to pyrolysis, therefore, more biologically and chemically active, capable of being more quickly involved in the cycle of substances, and protecting the stable part of humus from biological destruction.

  • INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY OF SOIL PROPERTIES ON SOYBEAN GROWTH AND YIELD

    KUST G.S., KUTUZOVA N.D., ROZOV S.YU., STOMA G.V. - 2015

    Using the example of a conjugate study of spatial heterogeneity and dynamics of biometric indicators of soybean growth and yield, soil properties, it was established that the main influence on the growth and development of soybean on the chernozems of the Krasnodar Territory is exerted by the thickness and density of the subarable horizon, which determines the accumulation of moisture in the root-inhabited stratum and its dynamics in critical phases of soybean development during the growing season.

  • INFLUENCE OF THE SIZE OF ELEMENTARY SOIL PARTICLES ON THEIR BASIC HYDROPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

    SUDNITSYN I.I. - 2015

    Statistical analysis of the sorption of water vapor by light clay brown forest soil and its elementary particles of various diameters revealed a very close correlation and linear regression relationships between the logarithm of the total potential (pressure) of soil moisture and the moisture content of the isolated granulometric fractions (due to the hydration of absorbed cations located in the diffuse layer adjacent to the electrically charged surface of the solid phase of the soil), as well as a very close correlation and linear regression relationship between the moisture content of granulometric fractions and the logarithm of their diameter (which is explained by differences not only in the specific surface area of ​​elementary soil particles of different diameters, but also in their mineralogical composition).

  • INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION ON HUMUS FORMATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF OCEANIC BUROZEMS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF PRIMORYE

    PSHENICHNIKOV B.F., PSHENICHNIKOVA N.F. - 2015

    The uniqueness of the conditions for the formation of burozems in the coastal territory of the south-eastern part of Primorsky Krai is considered. The role of vegetation in changing the color of illuvial horizons from brown-brown in the brown soils of oak forests to dark gray in the brown soils of forb-shrub groups and burnt areas is shown. It has been established that the uniqueness of the morphological structure of brown soils is determined by a combination of accumulative-humus and illuvial-humus processes of soil formation. It has been shown that in brown soils under oak forests humus formation proceeds according to the humate-fulvate type, and under forb-shrub groups and in burnt areas - according to the fulvate-humate type. The profile dynamics of humus and its individual fractions to a certain extent predetermine the morphochromatic differentiation of brown soils under different vegetation. In brown soils under oak forests, the maximum precipitation of the aggressive fraction FK-1a in the illuvial-humus horizons coincides with the maximum content of oxalate-soluble iron oxides, which to a certain extent ensures their brownish-brown color. In brown soils under forb-shrub groups and on burnt areas in illuvial-humus horizons, along with FK-1a, other fractions GK-2 and FK-2 are also deposited, which give them a dark gray color.

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3. Responsibilities of the parties

3.1. Responsibilities of the “Publishing House”:

3.1.1. Provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work no later than 24 hours from the moment Billing confirms the payment made and identifies the User as the payer of the payment made. If the User registers and pays for a preliminary subscription in accordance with clause 2.2. Agreement, to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work no later than 24 hours from the moment of their placement in the Catalog, subject to Billing confirming the previously made payment and identifying the User as the payer of the payment made.

3.1.2. Do not disclose to third parties the Login and Password, the User’s email address, as well as other information received from the User during registration.

3.1.3. Notify the User of changes to the terms of the Agreement and its Appendices by posting relevant information on the Publishing House website at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the changes come into force.

3.2.User responsibilities:

3.2.1. Register on the Publishing House website. Set a Login and Password, the uniqueness of which is confirmed by the Publishing House. At the same time, strictly and strictly follow the instructions of the “Publishing House” on the registration procedure posted on the “Publishing House” Website.

3.2.2. Pay for the opportunity to view, read and download Works in accordance with clause 4 of the Agreement.

3.2.3. Ensure the confidentiality of the Login and Password provided during registration.

3.2.4. Use the downloaded Works exclusively for personal purposes.

In this case, the User is granted the following rights to use the Works:

  • provide remote access to the Works on the Internet through the Publishing House Website, which means the ability to search, view, download and read the Works.
  • quote in the original and in translation for scientific, research, polemical, critical and informational purposes excerpts from the Works to the extent justified by the purpose of quoting,
  • use individual parts of the Works from them as illustrations in publications, radio and television broadcasts, sound and video recordings of an educational nature to the extent justified by the purpose;
  • the use of the Works (their component parts) under this Agreement is carried out with the obligatory indication of the name of the authors (co-authors) of the Works (their component parts), the name of the copyright holder of the Works indicated in the Work.

3.2.5. The user does not have the right:

  • transfer or distribute downloaded Works to third parties, either in whole or in part, except for the cases provided for in clause 3.2.4. Agreement;
  • communicate publicly the Works, both in whole and in part, through well-known broadcast channels, such as radio, television, etc., except for the cases provided for in clause 3.2.4. Agreement;
  • remake, change or otherwise process the texts of the Works.
  • use other software for automatic search and downloading, except those implemented on the Publishing House website

Failure to comply with the requirements of clause 3.2.5. The agreement is a violation of copyright law and is punishable by law!

3.2.6. All information posted on the Publishing House website about the procedure for using the Catalog, the payment procedure and other features of the execution of the Agreement is an integral part of the Agreement and is binding on the User.

4. Payment terms

4.1. The user makes an advance payment in Russian rubles on the terms specified on the Publishing House website.

4.2. Payment methods are indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. The agreed payment method is the method selected by the User from the available payment methods on the Publishing House Website.

4.3. The procedure for payment using bank cards is indicated on the Website in the Payment Methods section. Transactions using bank cards can only be performed by the card holder. Authorization of transactions on bank cards is carried out by the bank. Acceptance and processing of payments using bank cards is carried out by the electronic payment provider Yandex.Kassa or another electronic payment provider. “Publishing House” does not process, including collect and store Users’ bank card data.

4.4. For Users who are legal entities, payment is available only by non-cash bank transfer from the User's bank account to the Publisher's bank account.

4.5. The price for providing the User - an individual with the opportunity to view, read and download Works is indicated on the Publishing House Website in the relevant sections. For users who are legal entities, prices are sent by the Publishing House upon request through agreed communication channels. The “Publishing House” has the right to unilaterally change current prices by posting relevant information on the “Publishing House” Website or informing Users in any other accessible way. Any price change does not affect already paid access.

5. Responsibility of the parties. Limitation of liability of the Publisher.

5.1. The User assumes full responsibility and risks associated with the use of the Catalog.

5.2. The User is fully responsible for the use of the Login and Password by third parties.

5.3. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of information transmitted to the Publishing House to the email address specified by the User during registration.

5.4. The Publishing House is not responsible for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Catalog.

5.5. The Publishing House is not responsible for the quality of access to the Catalog via the Internet.

5.6. Under no circumstances is the Publishing House liable for the use of the Login and Password by third parties.

5.7. “Publishing House” is not responsible for direct or indirect damage incurred by the User as a result of data transmission errors, failures/defects in the operation of software and/or equipment, data loss and damage, data processing or display errors, delays in data transmission and other failures , which happened not through the fault of the Publishing House.

5.8. The Publishing House website and all related services are provided on an “as is” basis, without any express or implied warranties that the specified Website and (or) services may or may not be suitable for a particular purpose of use.

5.9. "Publishing House" is not responsible for the inability to use the Site and (or) related services by the User for any reason, including, but not limited to: errors, omissions, interruptions, deletion, defects, delays in processing or transmission of data, disruption of lines. communications, equipment malfunction, any technical failures or other problems of any telephone networks or services, computer systems, servers or providers, computer or telephone equipment, software, failure to fulfill obligations of providers of certain services, theft, destruction or unauthorized access to User materials, posted on the Website or in any other place, etc.

5.10. Under no circumstances is the Publishing House liable for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage, including lost profits or lost data, damage to honor, dignity or business reputation that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Site and (or) related services.

5.11. If it is impossible for the Publishing House to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work for reasons beyond the control of the Publishing House, the Publishing House, at the request of the User, will return the advance payment received. In this case, the amount of responsibility of the “Publisher” is limited to the amount of the advance payment received from the User for the opportunity to view, read and download the Work, which was not provided.

6. Duration of the Agreement

6.1. The Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of the Agreement (each Appendix to the Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of this Appendix) and is valid until the Parties fully fulfill their obligations.

7. Force majeure circumstances

7.1. The parties are released from liability for partial or complete failure to fulfill obligations under this Agreement if such failure was a direct consequence of force majeure circumstances (force majeure circumstances) that arose after the conclusion of the Agreement, as a result of extraordinary events, namely: fire, flood, hurricane and earthquake or restrictions imposed by government authorities on the activities of any of the Parties, and if these circumstances could not be foreseen or prevented by the Parties by reasonable measures.

8. Other conditions

8.1. If any provision or any part of a provision of the Agreement is found to be invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions and parts of the provisions of the Agreement will remain in full force and effect.

8.2. All Appendices to this Agreement are an integral part of it.

8.3. In all other respects, the Parties agreed to be guided by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

8.4. The Publishing House has the right to make changes to the Agreement with the obligatory posting of the relevant information on the Publishing House website no later than 30 (thirty) calendar days before the relevant changes come into force.

8.5. For any questions that arise, the User has the right to contact the Publishing House Support Service at the following email address:

9. Dispute resolution

9.1. Disputes and disagreements that may arise under this Agreement are resolved by following the pre-trial (claims) procedure. The period for consideration by the Publishing House of a claim is 10 (Ten) calendar days from the date of its receipt from the User.

9.2. If the Parties do not come to an agreement, these disputes and disagreements are resolved in court in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the court at the location of the Publishing House in accordance with the rules of jurisdiction and jurisdiction.

10. Privacy Notice

10.1 The User’s consent to provide personal information is determined by agreement with this public offer, which occurs automatically when the User goes through the registration procedure on the Publishing House website.

10.2 “Publishing House” collects and stores only the necessary personal data of the User. The Publishing House may use the User’s personal data to identify him, clarify payment details, provide personalized services, provide feedback to the User, process applications and requests, perform impersonal statistical calculations and improve the quality of services provided to the User.

10.3. The Publishing House has the right to transfer the User’s personal information to third parties only in cases where the User has expressed his consent to such actions, the transfer is necessary to provide services to the User, the transfer is provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

"Publishing house": Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Publishing House "Nauka"


TERMS OF USE

1. General Provisions

1.1. This User Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement) applies to the website of the Electronic Library System - www. (hereinafter referred to as “Electronic Library System”).

1.2. Website of the Electronic Library System www. (hereinafter referred to as the Site) is the property of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Academic Scientific Publishing, Production, Printing and Book Distribution Center “Nauka” (FSUE “Publishing House “Nauka”).

1.3. This Agreement governs the relationship between the Administration of the “Electronic Library System” website www. (hereinafter referred to as the Site Administration) and the User (Users) of this Site.

1.4. This agreement, in accordance with Article 435 and paragraph 2 of Article 437 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, is a public offer to an unlimited number of persons, Internet users.

1.5. In accordance with Article 438 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, full and unconditional acceptance (acceptance) of the Agreement is:

  • confirmation by the User of his consent to the terms of the Agreement;
  • making an advance payment;
  • commencement of use of any Work;
  • beginning to use any services of the Site under the terms of the Agreement.

1.6. The site administration reserves the right to change, add or delete clauses of this Agreement at any time without notifying the User.

1.7. Continued use of the Site by the User means acceptance of the Agreement and the changes made to this Agreement.

1.8. The User is personally responsible for checking this Agreement for changes to it.

2. Terms used in the Agreement

2.1. User – an Internet user, any individual or legal entity (representative of a legal entity) who voluntarily completed Registration and/or began using any services of the Site.

2.2. Works (Content) – electronic versions of scientific publications, including periodicals, as well as non-periodical publications, presented electronically on the Internet in various formats, posted on the Website of the Electronic Library System, accessible to Users through the Website of the Electronic Library System.

2.3. Catalog – a collection of Works.

2.4. Login and Password are two unique sets of characters that identify the User.

2.5. The website “Electronic Library System” is an information resource on the Internet owned by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Publishing House “Nauka”, located on the domain www. .

2.6. Site Administration - employees authorized to manage the Site, acting on behalf of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Publishing House "Nauka"

2.7. Downloading – recording by the User of Works into the computer memory.

2.8. Billing is a payment accounting system.

2.9. User Account – Authentication and personal data of the User stored on the servers of the Electronic Library System Site. An account is created as a result of the User's registration procedure and may be required in order to take advantage of certain features or certain functions of the Site.

3. Subject of the Agreement

3.1. The “Electronic Library System” provides the User with the opportunity to view, read and download Works presented in the Catalog on a paid basis.

3.2. The user can register and pay for a preliminary annual (partial annual) subscription for the ability to view, read and download electronic versions of Works, as well as a preliminary subscription for the opportunity to receive a collection of Works that are not posted in the Catalog at the time of registration and payment.

4. Responsibilities of the parties

4.1. Responsibilities of the “Site Administration”:

4.1.1. Provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work on the Site no later than 24 hours from the moment Billing confirms the payment made and identifies the User as the payer of the payment made. If the User registers and pays for a preliminary subscription in accordance with clause 3.2. Agreement, to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work no later than 24 hours from the moment of their placement in the Catalog, subject to confirmation by Billing of the previously made payment and identification of the User as the payer of the payment made.

4.1.2. Do not disclose to third parties the Login and Password, the User’s email address, as well as other information received from the User during registration.

4.1.3. Notify the User of changes to the terms of the Agreement and its Appendices by posting relevant information on the Electronic Library System Website at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the changes come into force.

4.2. User Responsibilities:

4.2.1. Register on the “Electronic Library System” website. Set a Login and Password, the uniqueness of which is confirmed by the “Site Administration”. At the same time, strictly and strictly follow the instructions of the Site Administration on the registration procedure posted on the “Electronic Library System” Site.

4.2.2. Pay for the opportunity to view, read and download Works in accordance with clause 4 of the Agreement.

4.2.3. Ensure the confidentiality of the Login and Password provided during registration.

4.2.4. Use the downloaded Works exclusively for personal purposes. In this case, the User is granted the following rights to use the Works:

  • provide remote access on the Internet through the Website of the Electronic Library System to Works, which means the ability to search, view, download and read Works.
  • print out individual parts of the Works for archival purposes only.
  • record and store individual parts of the Works in the memory of a computer owned by the User for archival, educational and research purposes;
  • quote in the original and in translation for scientific, research, polemical, critical, informational and educational purposes, excerpts of Works to the extent justified by the purpose of quoting,
  • reproduce in newspapers, broadcast or broadcast by cable for public information certain parts of the Works to the extent justified by the informational purpose.
  • the use of the Works (their component parts) under this Agreement is carried out with the obligatory indication of the name of the authors (co-authors) of the Works (their component parts), the name of the copyright holder of the Works indicated in the Work.

4.2.5. The user does not have the right:

  • transfer or distribute downloaded Works to third parties, either in whole or in part, except for the cases provided for in clause 4.2.4. Agreements;
  • communicate publicly the Works in full, through well-known broadcast channels, such as radio, television, etc., except for the cases provided for in clause 4.2.4. Agreements;
  • reproduce the Works, that is, make copies of the Works or parts thereof in any material form if this reproduction is for the purpose of further distribution;
  • make the Works available to the public using the Internet and other digital networks, either in whole or in part;
  • change or otherwise process the texts of the Works.
  • print the entire Work, which is a magazine issue, magazine or book;
  • post links to the Works available for use by the User on any resources in such a way that a third party has access to these Works. In particular, the User is prohibited from providing third parties with information necessary to gain access to personal pages of the Site that require User authorization.
  • use other software for automatic searching and downloading, except those implemented on the Electronic Library System website
  • Failure by the User to comply with the requirements of clause 4.2.5. The Agreement is a violation of copyright law and entails the consequences specified in clause 10.1 and clause 10.2 of the Agreement.

4.2.6. All information posted on the Electronic Library System Website about the procedure for using the Catalog, the payment procedure and other features of the execution of the Agreement is an integral part of the Agreement and is binding on the User.

5. Payment terms

5.1. The user makes an advance payment in Russian rubles on the terms specified on the Website of the Electronic Library System.

5.2. Payment methods are indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. The agreed payment method is the method selected by the User from the available payment methods on the Electronic Library System Website.

5.3. The procedure for payment using bank cards is indicated on the Website in the Payment Methods section. Transactions using bank cards can only be performed by the card holder. Authorization of transactions on bank cards is carried out by the bank. Acceptance and processing of payments using bank cards is carried out by the electronic payment provider Yandex.Kassa or another electronic payment provider. The “site administration” does not process, including collecting and storing Users’ bank card data.

5.4. The price for providing the User - an individual with the opportunity to view, read and download Works is indicated on the Website of the Electronic Library System in the relevant sections. For users who are legal entities, prices are sent by the “Site Administration” upon request through agreed communication channels. The “Site Administration” has the right to unilaterally change current prices by posting relevant information on the Website of the “Electronic Library System” or informing Users in any other accessible way. Any price change does not affect already paid access.

6. Responsibility of the parties. Limitation of liability of the Electronic Library System.

6.1. The User assumes full responsibility and risks associated with the use of the Catalog.

6.2. The User is fully responsible for the use of the Login and Password by third parties.

6.3. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of information transmitted by the “Site Administration” to the email address specified by the User during registration.

6.4. The “Site Administration” is not responsible for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Catalog.

6.5. The “site administration” is not responsible for the quality of access to the Catalog via the Internet.

6.6. Under no circumstances is the “Site Administration” liable for the use of the Login and Password by third parties.

6.7. The “site administration” is not responsible for direct or indirect damage incurred by the User as a result of data transmission errors, failures/defects in the operation of software and/or equipment, data loss and damage, errors in processing or displaying data, delays in data transmission and others failures that occurred through no fault of the Site Administration.

6.8. The Electronic Library System website and all related services are provided on an “as is” basis, without any express or implied warranties that the said Website and/or services may or may not be suitable for a particular purpose of use.

6.9. The “Site Administration” is not responsible for the inability to use the Site and (or) related services by the User for any reason, including, but not limited to: errors, omissions, interruptions, deletion, defects, delay in processing or transmission of data, disruption of work communication lines, equipment malfunction, any technical failures or other problems of any telephone networks or services, computer systems, servers or providers, computer or telephone equipment, software, failure of providers of certain services, theft, destruction or unauthorized access to User materials , posted on the Site or in any other place, etc.

6.10. Under no circumstances is the “Site Administration” liable for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage, including lost profits or lost data, damage to honor, dignity or business reputation that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Site and (or) related services .

6.11. If it is impossible for the “Electronic Library System” to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work for reasons beyond the control of the “Site Administration”, the “Site Administration”, at the request of the User, returns the received advance payment. In this case, the amount of responsibility of the “Site Administration” is limited to the amount of the advance payment received from the User for the opportunity to view, read and download the Work, which was not provided.

7. Duration of the Agreement

7.1. The Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of the Agreement (each Appendix to the Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of this Appendix) and is valid until the Parties fully fulfill their obligations.

8. Force majeure circumstances

8.1. The parties are released from liability for partial or complete failure to fulfill obligations under this Agreement if such failure was a direct consequence of force majeure circumstances (force majeure circumstances) that arose after the conclusion of the Agreement, as a result of emergency events, namely: fire, flood, hurricane and earthquake or restrictions imposed by government authorities on the activities of any of the Parties, and if these circumstances could not be foreseen or prevented by the Parties by reasonable measures.

9. Other conditions

9.1. In the event that any provision or any part of the Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions and portions of the Agreement will remain in full force and effect.

9.2. In all other respects, the Parties to the Agreement agreed to be guided by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

9.3. The “Site Administration” has the right to make changes to the Agreement with the obligatory posting of the relevant information on the Website of the “Electronic Library System” no later than 30 (thirty) calendar days before the relevant changes come into force.

9.4. Relations between the “Site Administration” and the User, who are legal entities, are regulated on the basis of separately concluded Agreements, which specify the specific terms of the relationship between the Parties.

9.5. For any questions that arise, the User has the right to contact the Site Support Service at the following email address:

10. Dispute resolution

10.1. Disputes and disagreements that may arise under this Agreement are resolved by following the pre-trial (claim) procedure. The period for consideration by the Site Administration of a claim is 10 (Ten) calendar days from the date of its receipt from the User.

10.2. If the Parties do not come to an agreement, these disputes and disagreements are resolved in court in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the court at the location of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Publishing House “Nauka”” in accordance with the rules of jurisdiction and jurisdiction.

11. Privacy Notice

11.1. The User's consent to provide personal information is determined by agreement with this public offer, which occurs automatically when the User goes through the registration procedure on the Site.

11.2. In accordance with the Federal Law “On Personal Data” No. 152-FZ of July 27, 2006 and this privacy policy, the Site Administration does not use, process or store the User’s personal data.

11.3. The “Site Administration” collects and stores only the User data necessary for the operation of the Site. The “site administration” can use the User’s data to identify him, clarify payment data, provide personalized services, provide feedback to the User, process applications and requests, perform impersonal statistical calculations and improve the quality of services provided to the User.