How to create an electronic signature. Obtaining an electronic signature - where and how to do it? Obtaining an electronic signature: how to order an electronic signature via the Internet

The creation and improvement of electronic circulation of business papers involves obtaining an electronic digital signature by subjects. Its use minimizes the time spent on drawing up papers and signing them with your own pen stroke. It is easy to use; you do not need to learn how to use it.

Why does a legal entity need an EDS?

Any legal entity can use it, which will make it possible:

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Ensure the confidentiality of information contained in transferred files.
Achieve delivery of endorsed documents in a matter of seconds.
Without unnecessary hassle, participate in auctions on special platforms.
Submit reports to the tax office and non-budgetary organizations.
Vouch for the authenticity of documents.
Introduce into the international electronic circulation of business papers.
Improve the circulation of business papers within a holding or company.

What is an electronic signature?

It is a unique set of symbols compiled using a specific program. May have varying levels of security, which may affect whether it is acceptable to use in certain circumstances.
The digital signature can be inserted into the sent file or placed separately from it. An electronic signature certifies a document in electronic form and is the same as a living stroke of a pen endorsing paper documents.

How does an electronic digital signature work?

An electronic signature can be of several types:

A simple signature confirming that the file was sent by a specific person.
A strengthened unqualified signature indicating that there have been no changes in the document since its inception.
An enhanced qualified signature is a full-fledged analogue of a living pen stroke on a document executed on paper.

Over time, simple and enhanced unqualified signatures are used less and less, since the third variation of the signature is as reliable as possible and provides the user with a wider range of possibilities.

When issuing an enhanced qualified signature, private and public keys are created that function exclusively in tandem. The private key consists of 256 bits of encrypted information, and the public key consists of 1024 bits.

The user issues the public key to all people and companies with whom it is intended to exchange electronic business papers; its analogue is placed in the storage of a special Certification Authority. This allows you to insure the key against forgery and unauthorized changes.

Certificate

An electronic digital signature certificate identifies the identity of the subject. The private key is used to validate documentation and send it, which is only permissible for a specific user. The certificate is valid for no more than one year, after which it must be issued again.

It stores the following information:

Number.
Validity.
The presence of the certificate in the database of the Certification Authority that issued it.
Information about the owner.
About issuing the key.
Information about the Certification Authority that issued it.
The industries using signatures are listed.
Guarantee of the legality and validity of the signature.

It is unrealistic to falsify any, even the simplest electronic digital signature, because this requires making too complex and time-consuming calculations, despite the existence of highly developed technology. Signature insurance is acceptable but not required.

How to obtain an electronic digital signature and necessary documents

To obtain a signature from the company, the following documents are sent to the Certification Center:

Certificate of state registration of a legal entity - in the form of a copy certified by a notary.
Certificate of registration with the tax office - in the form of a copy certified by a notary.
An extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities - in the original or a notarized copy. This document is valid for a month from the date of preparation.
An application requesting the creation of an electronic digital signature key certificate addressed to the head of the Certification Center.
When creating an EDS key certificate for a company director - an order for the appointment of a director (in the form of a copy certified by the company’s seal and the signature of an authorized person).
When issuing an EDS key certificate from any other authorized representative of the company - a power of attorney listing the list of powers of the representative (in the form of a copy certified by the seal of the company and the signature of the director).
Civil passport of the employee in whose name the EDS key certificate is issued, in addition to copies of the second and third pages, pages with information about registration at the last place of residence.
If a package of documents is presented not personally by the owner of the certificate, but by his authorized representative, a power of attorney should be issued with a list of relevant powers.
When presenting a package of documents not personally by the owner of the certificate, but by his authorized representative, the representative must appear with his civil passport and a copy of its second and third pages, as well as the page with information about registration at the place of residence.

The company has the right to issue an electronic digital signature key certificate when assigning the functions of the sole executive entity of a closed joint-stock company or open joint-stock company to a manager.

To do this, you need to provide additional documents:

The decision of the meeting of shareholders of a closed joint stock company or open joint stock company on the transfer of the functions of the sole executive entity to the manager (in the form of a copy certified by a notary).
When transferring the functionality of the sole executive entity of a limited liability company to a management company, the following should be provided as additional documents:
Management company documents.
The first, second and final sheets of the charter of a limited liability company, as well as sheets containing information on the permission to delegate the powers of the sole executive company to the management company (in copies certified by a notary).

Power of attorney for obtaining digital signature by a legal entity

This paper allows an individual to submit a package of mandatory documents to the Certification Center, receive information, a signature key certificate, as well as all other documents. In addition, the authorized person can take away the means of cryptographic information protection and sign the accounting documentation.

The representative receives the right to endorse the paper equivalent of the signature key certificate, enter into an agreement and sign the primary accounting documentation relating to the execution of this agreement.
The power of attorney must contain an indication of the deadline for use. As a rule, it is issued without the right of subrogation and is certified by the signatures of an authorized person and the owner of the signature key certificate.

Where can a company purchase an electronic digital signature?

To issue an electronic digital signature, you should find a Certification Center that interacts with state and municipal structures that use electronic document management. The selected center should be part of a network of similar companies whose services are used by current and potential counterparties. In addition, the center must be accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, all its software and devices are certified and certified.

The procedure for obtaining an electronic signature

To obtain an electronic digital signature, you need to go through a simple algorithm:

Submit an application, this can often be done online.
Bring the required documentation to the Certification Center and receive an invoice for payment.
Pay for the service.
Wait for the verification and processing of documents to complete, registration of an electronic signature by generating private and public keys.
Take the digital media with the keys.
Take the certificate in paper and electronic versions.
Install and configure a special program on your computer.

Cost of electronic digital signature

Prices for the service depend on several factors:

Customer location.
Type of signature.
Industries in which this signature is expected to be used.
A pricing strategy that is relevant for a specific time.

The cost of an electronic digital signature can vary from 4,000 to 20,000 rubles.
If you want to issue an electronic digital signature to improve document flow, you should interact with certified management centers that can provide quality services, provide decent technical support, and provide the customer with effective programs for checking the authenticity of the electronic signature.

An electronic digital signature is an analogue of a handwritten signature applied to an electronic document. The implementation and use of electronic document management systems in organizations of any form of ownership entails the need to use digital signatures to guarantee the authenticity of the transmitted data.

What is an EDS?

EDS is a parameter of an electronic document that has a digital representation. Digital signature is applicable only in the context of electronic data exchange and can have the same legal significance as a handwritten signature on a paper document if the conditions are met to guarantee the authenticity and reliability of the signed documents. The legal force of the digital signature is enshrined in legislation by Federal Law No. 1 of January 10, 2002 and Federal Law No. 63 of April 6, 2011, as amended on June 28, 2014.

Both Federal Laws on Electronic Digital Signatures regulate the mechanisms for using electronic signatures when making transactions within the framework of civil law relations and the functioning of state and municipal services.

Significance of digital signature

EDS is a digital analogue of a signature and seal associated with the content of a signed document and used in organizing electronic data exchange to confirm the authenticity of sent and received documents.

The functioning of the digital signature allows you to:

increase the security and confidentiality of electronic document management, protect documents from forgery;
give electronic data legal force equivalent to paper documents with a signature and seal;
optimize document flow processes by simplifying and reducing the cost of processing and storing documents;
use a single signature in electronic trading, when submitting various types of reporting to government and tax authorities, when approving and working with financial documents;
guarantee the authenticity of electronic documentation;
ensure the possibility of coordination with international document management systems.

Scope of application of digital signature

In any areas where data exchange is regulated using information technology:

internal electronic document flow between divisions of one organization, as well as branches;
document flow in inter-organizational systems of B2B and B2C class;
access to specialized information resources, for example, “Client-Bank” class systems;
transfer of tax and accounting reports to the tax authorities;
transfer of reporting to the Pension Fund;
transmission of customs declarations;
participation in electronic auctions.

How does EDS work?

The functional use of digital signature allows you to sign an electronic document, check the owner’s signature for authenticity, and the content of the signed electronic document for changes after signing.

Signing and authentication are performed based on encryption and decryption keys. The sender, using special software and a key, generates a sequence of characters that becomes part of the data being sent. The recipient uses the same software and decryption key to decrypt the received data and perform a series of checks. If the checks were successful, then the received data is identical to the sent data, i.e. were not changed after signing. The generated sequence of characters in this process is the electronic digital signature.

To forge such a digital signature, you would either need to steal the sender's encryption key, or spend many years going through key options until you find the right one.

How and where to get an electronic signature?

So, let’s look at the question of where to obtain an electronic signature for an individual or a legal entity. face. EDS key certificates are produced and issued by a specialized organization - a certification center (CA). The functions of the CA also include user registration, cancellation, renewal and termination of key certificates. The CA provides the necessary technical support for the operation of the digital signature. To obtain an electronic signature, a participant in electronic document flow must contact any authorized certification center.

The current list of authorized CAs is available on the website of the single EDS portal in Russia.

The procedure for obtaining an electronic digital signature

The procedure for obtaining an electronic signature involves the following steps:

fill out an application form on the website of the selected certification center or leave a request by phone and wait to be contacted by a specialist - the method depends on the specific CA;
collect all the documents necessary for issuing an electronic signature certificate and send copies to the CA. Based on the completed application form and a set of documents, the CA prepares an electronic signature certificate;
receive an EDS certificate by providing original documents.

The lead time for producing key certificates depends on the certification authority, but on average it is 3-5 days.

What documents are needed to obtain an electronic signature?

Both a legal entity, regardless of the organization's form of ownership, and an individual entrepreneur can receive an electronic digital signature. Individuals can also obtain an electronic signature (for example, to participate in electronic trading).

An electronic digital signature certificate contains information about the owner of the signature, so only the person in whose name this certificate is issued can request and receive an electronic digital signature. In other cases, it is necessary to provide a power of attorney for the right to draw up and receive an electronic signature, certified by a notary. The authorized representative in whose name the power of attorney is issued provides a Russian passport and copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages and the registration page.

Package of documents of a legal entity

A copy of the registration certificate certified by a notary.
Original or certified copy of an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities. The statute of limitations for the statement must be no more than 30 days;
Application for issuance of an electronic signature (the form of the application depends on the CA).
A copy of the order of appointment to the position of a manager, if the digital signature certificate is issued in his name, with the signature and seal of the organization.

If the authority to manage the organization is transferred to another management company or manager, then all the documents listed in paragraphs. 1-3 related to the management company.

In addition, it is necessary to attach a notarized copy of the decision of the board of directors on the transfer of powers, if the form of ownership is OJSC or CJSC. If the organization's form of ownership is LLC, then notarized copies of the first and second sheets of the charter, a sheet indicating the possibility of transferring management to a third party organization, and a sheet with a mark from the tax authority are provided.

How to obtain an electronic signature for an individual entrepreneur: a package of necessary documents

A copy and original of an extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs, the statute of limitations of which is no more than 30 days from the date of issue.
A copy of the TIN certificate, certified by a notary.
A copy of the certificate of state registration of individual entrepreneurs, certified by a notary.
Application for issuance of digital signature.

What documents are needed to obtain an electronic signature for individuals?

A copy of the TIN certificate.
Copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages of the Russian passport and the registration page. A Russian passport must be provided when submitting a package of documents.
Application for issuance of digital signature.

The procedure for obtaining and using an electronic digital signature is becoming easier as the legal culture in this area develops and information technology improves. Electronic document management using digital signatures no longer causes mistrust both on the part of business partners and on the part of government and tax authorities.

Questions about where to get an electronic digital signature and what is the scope of its use become a necessary necessity if a business goes international.

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Publication date: 12/15/2015 12:46 (archive)

Currently, electronic document management is becoming the most common and convenient way for taxpayers to interact with tax authorities.

The benefits of electronic communication can be appreciated by users of the “ ” service (hereinafter referred to as “Personal Account”), located on the official website of the Federal Tax Service of Russia (). The functionality of the “Personal Account” is very extensive: the service allows you to independently control calculations for property taxes; and also monitor the progress of the audit of declarations sent to the tax authority; view information on income submitted by tax agents in the form of 2-NDFL certificates; pay taxes, etc.

On July 1, 2015, appropriate amendments were made to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the electronic service “Taxpayer’s Personal Account” received the official status of an information resource that can be used for taxpayers and tax authorities to exercise their rights and obligations.

Users of the “Taxpayer Personal Account for Individuals” service have the opportunity to send tax documents (declarations) and information signed with an enhanced non-qualified electronic signature to the tax authorities. Only electronic documents signed with a non-qualified electronic signature are recognized as equivalent to paper documents signed with the taxpayer’s own handwritten signature.

You can obtain an electronic signature for interaction with tax authorities in electronic form absolutely free of charge through the “Personal Account” in the “Profile” section. The Federal Tax Service of Russia offers two options for storing a signature: the key to it is stored either on the user’s computer or in a storage facility protected by the tax service. The electronic signature verification key certificate is valid for one year. After the key certificate expires, the taxpayer must independently obtain a new certificate through the “Personal Account”.

The signature certificate can be used to sign and send to the tax authorities through the “Personal Account”: applications for the return and offset of overpaid tax; applications for benefits on land, transport taxes, and property taxes for individuals; notifications about selected tax objects in respect of which the benefit applies; messages about the availability of property and vehicles; tax return in form 3-NDFL, supporting documents for it and much more.

Gradually, paper document flow is being replaced by electronic one. This poses the problem of obtaining an electronic digital signature (EDS) for users. If you follow the instructions and obtain an electronic digital signature, the procedure for preparing documentation and certifying each document with a personal signature will become much simpler, but the information will be more secure. You don’t need any special skills in using digital signatures – everything is extremely simple. It can be issued at a special certification center (CA).

Consider why you needed an electronic signature, for what purposes, and how you will use it. For example, you can use it by participating in online auctions, electronic trading, and stock exchanges. There is currently no universal signature for all occasions. There are different signatures for different purposes, and each has its own key, a signature authentication certificate. Find the address of your nearest CA on the Internet. These centers provide this service to legal entities and individuals. For legal entities, the number of documents required to issue an electronic signature is greater than for an individual. Having chosen a CA, check with it exactly what types of signatures it issues. If you need a signature to certify documents of a specific trade organization, go to its website and see if its list of certification centers includes the one where you decided to issue a certificate.

Contact your chosen CA for help and find out what documents are needed to obtain an electronic signature. Each such center has its own rules for customer service and its own list of documents required for issuing an electronic signature. To avoid misunderstandings and delays in obtaining a signature, do not forget to notify the center employee in advance if you decide to issue not one signature, but several at once. For example, you need a certificate of the head of the organization and the financial director. Specify the certificate type.

Based on the list provided by the center, prepare the entire package of documents to obtain an electronic signature. If you decide to change the certification center, remember that the list of documents is not regulated by law and another center may require documents from you in accordance with the rules in force at the CA. The set of documents is approximately as follows: an original and a certified copy of a passport - for an individual, a copy of the organization's charter and an order for the appointment of a manager (certified by the organization) - for a legal entity. Everyone also needs a document confirming payment for the service of obtaining an electronic signature.

Submit the entire set of documents and application personally to the CA. You can send documents remotely electronically if the center's rules allow this. Be sure to save scanned copies of documents on your computer. Checking the set of documents and issuing a signature, if the documents are in order, takes no more than one hour. The operator will contact you at the specified phone number.

Receive the entire kit for creating your own digital signature at the office. This kit includes:

Public and private keys recorded on a floppy disk or flash drive if you store it on an external drive (looks like a USB key). Some CAs offer to store the key on their secure server. In this case, you need to install additional protection for the key against hacking in the form of an SMS message with a one-time password to your mobile phone or a permanent PIN code.
Public key on paper (UPK).
Distribution of a program like Cryptoprovider, which will perform cryptographic operations. It runs under Windows OS. Available for one workplace.
License for the issued software distribution.

To obtain an electronic signature, try to apply for this service to a CA that works with all organizations that practice the use of digital signatures. This center must be part of a unified network of certification centers of organizations with which you will be connected by document flow. This will give confidence that all software and equipment involved in signature processing is certified and accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation.

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